Low-complexity domain protein molecular structure, conformational dynamics, and inter-protein interactions in human health and disease

人类健康和疾病中的低复杂性域蛋白质分子结构、构象动力学和蛋白质间相互作用

• 批准号: 10488197
• 负责人: Dylan Thomas Murray
• 金额: $ 37.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10488197
• 关键词: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Antibodies; Behavior; Biochemical; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Process; Cells; Characteristics; Code; Coupled; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Cytoplasmic Granules; Cytoskeleton; DNA Sequence Alteration; Dementia; Development; Disease; Health; Human; Human Genome; In Vitro; Intermediate Filaments; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Methodology; Microscopic; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Motor Neuron Disease; Muscular Dystrophies; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Organelles; Pathogenicity; Play; Point Mutation; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Process; Property; Protein Chemistry; Protein Dynamics; Protein Engineering; Proteins; RNA; RNA metabolism; Research; Role; Spectrum Analysis; System; Tertiary Protein Structure; Time; Work; base; biological systems; biophysical analysis; biophysical techniques; clinical biomarkers; improved; in vivo; protein expression; protein protein interaction; self assembly; small molecule therapeutics; tool

Project Summary/Abstract The dynamic assembly of biomolecules within a living cell is vital for the spatial and temporal organization of biological function. In forming RNA granule membraneless organelles and intermediate filaments in the cell cytoskeleton, cells leverage the self-assembly properties of protein sequences with reduced amino acid diversity. These low complexity protein domains have only recently come to light as essential players in these processes. Thirty percent of the proteins coded by the human genome contain a domain of this type, highlighting the central importance of these sequences for life. In humans, pathogenic genetic mutations and altered expression levels, in addition to functional post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions, modulate the assembly processes of these proteins. Linked by the common involvement of low complexity domain proteins, this proposal outlines two lines of research focused on a fundamental mechanistic understanding of how the proteins that compose RNA granules and intermediate filament networks assemble to achieve the macroscopic behavior observed in living cells. A multifaceted biophysical approach employing cutting-edge nuclear magnetic resonance and cryo-electron microscopy will allow characterization of the molecular structure and conformational dynamics of these proteins in biologically relevant assemblies. These biophysical studies will be coupled with other spectroscopies, biochemical assays, and protein engineering to form more comprehensive models of how low complexity domain proteins assemble temporally and spatially. The results of these efforts will provide a mechanistic description of how these assembly processes and their associated control mechanisms are modulated by point mutations and altered protein expression levels linked to motor neuron disease, dementia, muscular dystrophy, and cancer. The in vitro work proposed here will provide detailed and testable models regarding the function of in vivo biological assemblies involved in RNA metabolism and the cell cytoskeleton. In the broader context of human health, the molecular characterizations of disease-relevant low complexity domain proteins and their interacting molecular partners will provide a base of knowledge useful for the exploration of these systems as clinical biomarkers and will also facilitate the development of antibody and small molecule therapeutics. Beyond the specific biological systems discussed in this proposal, the tools and methodologies employed here are expected to have applicability and impact on investigations of the thirty percent of the proteins in the human genome that contain a low complexity domain.

项目总结/摘要 生物分子在活细胞内的动态组装对于空间和时间组织至关重要 生物功能。在细胞中形成RNA颗粒、无膜细胞器和中间丝 细胞骨架，细胞利用蛋白质序列的自组装特性， 多样性这些低复杂性的蛋白质结构域只是最近才被发现在这些蛋白质结构域中起着重要作用。 流程.人类基因组编码的蛋白质中有30%含有这种结构域， 强调了这些序列对生命的重要性。在人类中，致病基因突变和 除了功能性翻译后修饰和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用外， 相互作用，调节这些蛋白质的组装过程。与共同参与的低 复杂结构域蛋白质，这项建议概述了两条研究路线，重点是一个基本的机制， 了解组成RNA颗粒和中间丝网络的蛋白质如何组装 以实现在活细胞中观察到的宏观行为。多方面的生物物理方法， 尖端的核磁共振和冷冻电子显微镜将允许表征的 分子结构和构象动力学的这些蛋白质在生物相关的组件。这些 生物物理学研究将与其他光谱学、生化分析和蛋白质工程相结合， 形成更全面的模型，了解低复杂性结构域蛋白质如何在时间和空间上组装。 这些努力的结果将提供这些组装过程及其 相关的控制机制由点突变和改变的蛋白质表达水平调节， 运动神经元疾病、痴呆症、肌肉萎缩症和癌症。这里提出的体外工作将 提供了关于RNA参与的体内生物组装功能的详细和可测试的模型， 代谢和细胞骨架。在更广泛的人类健康背景下， 疾病相关的低复杂性结构域蛋白及其相互作用的分子伴侣将提供一个基础 这些系统作为临床生物标志物的探索有用的知识，也将促进 抗体和小分子治疗剂的开发。除了讨论的特定生物系统之外， 这一建议，这里使用的工具和方法，预计将有适用性和影响， 研究人类基因组中百分之三十的蛋白质，这些蛋白质含有低复杂性结构域。