iACTIVATE: Investigators Advancing via Coaching at the Transition to Independence: a Value-Adding Team Experience

项目总结 性别不平等现象在生物医学科学中普遍存在并持续存在。当女人和男人平等地 女性有可能进入医学界，因此在晋升和领导力方面晋升的可能性较小。其影响是 意义重大，因为女性不太可能作为第一作者/最后作者发表文章，获得奖项，并在 学习部分--所有提升的关键措施。这些劳动力不平等在过去的几年里恶化了 在过去的18个月里，教师在新冠肺炎疫情期间受到了不利影响。研究表明，这些 干扰对职业轨迹和工作效率产生了负面影响，早期职业调查人员、女性、 而在受影响最大的医药集团中，这一比例较低。职业生涯早期的教职员工，包括 他们的发展轨迹中的关键点，如向独立的过渡，更容易受到大流行的影响 这是由于现有资金来源和出版机会减少所造成的影响。需要进行干预以 减少这些与大流行有关的影响，从而将长期不平等的恶化降至最低。教练，一个 在商业和管理中常用的做法，有可能成为对 职业生涯早期的调查员。教练运用询问、鼓励和责任来提高自我 意识、动力和采取有效行动的能力。关于医学训练的最新文献 在很大程度上为临床医生和管理员提供流程指标方面的好处。很少有研究发现 专注于调查人员，将个人和团队指导与定制反馈相结合，或检查 工作效率和进步成果。这项随机对照试验旨在评估一名专业人士 针对早期职业调查人员的教练干预。参与者将包括具有K-Level或 等同于自我认同为女性或非二元的人，努力在研究中最大限度地增加多样性。 这一新颖的干预基于社会认知职业理论的原理，内容与 研究人员的能力，并由早期职业研究人员提供信息。结果侧重于既定的特征 教师研究人员的成功，包括自我效能、研究效率和职业发展 通过调查获得(目标1和2)。这些数据将与采访相结合，以充分捕捉 通过了解细微差别的个人体验(目标1)和体验对教练计划的影响 抽样法，考察项目促进研究生产力和职业发展的机制 坚持不懈(目标3)。这项研究的结果将为一种新的理论的影响提供严格的证据-- 以女性职业生涯早期调查人员为基础的指导干预，同时提供可扩展的方法，可以 容易被学术机构和专业组织采用。传播将得到以下方面的支持 开发培训教练指南和教练计划工具包。这些干预措施对于 增加坚持生物医学研究队伍的代表不足的科学家的比例 以满足该国不同人口的健康需求。

PROJECT SUMMARY Gender inequities are prevalent and persistent in the biomedical sciences. While women and men are equally likely to enter medicine, women are less likely to advance in terms of promotion and leadership. The effects are significant as women are less likely than men to publish as first/last authors, receive awards, and serve on study sections—all critical measures for advancement. These workforce inequities have worsened over the past 18 months as faculty have been adversely affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies show these disruptions have negative impacted career trajectory and productivity, with early career investigators, females, and underrepresented in medicine groups most significantly affected. Early career faculty, including those at pivotal points in their trajectory such as transitioning to independence, are more vulnerable to the pandemic’s effects due to fewer established funding sources and publishing opportunities. Interventions are needed to reduce these pandemic-related effects and thereby minimize worsening of inequities long-term. Coaching, a practice commonly utilized in business and management, holds potential to be a high-impact intervention for early career investigators. Coaching applies inquiry, encouragement, and accountability to increase self- awareness, motivation, and the capacity to take effective action. The current literature on coaching in medicine suggests benefits for clinicians and administrators in terms of process metrics largely. Few studies have focused on investigators, combined individual and group coaching with customized feedback, or examined productivity and advancement outcomes. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate a professional coaching intervention directed at early career investigators. Participants will include individuals with a K-level or equivalent award who self-identify as female or nonbinary, with efforts made to maximize diversity in the study. This novel intervention is based on principles of social cognitive career theory, and content is aligned with researcher competencies and informed by early career researchers. Outcomes focus on established hallmarks of success for faculty investigators, including self-efficacy, research productivity, and career advancement obtained through surveys (Aim 1 and 2). These data will be combined with interviews to fully capture the impact of the coaching program by understanding nuanced individual experiences (Aim 1) and experiential sampling method to examine the mechanism by which the program fosters research productivity and career persistence (Aim 3). Results from this study will provide rigorous evidence about the effect of a novel, theory- based coaching intervention on female early-career investigators while offering a scalable approach that can be readily adopted by academic institutions and professional organizations. Dissemination will be supported by the development of a train-the-coach guide and coaching program toolkit. Such interventions are vital to increase the proportion of underrepresented scientists who persist in the biomedical research workforce in order to address the health needs of the nation’s diverse population.