Respiratory Effects, Metal and Aldehyde exposure from e-cigarette use in young adults (REMA)

年轻人使用电子烟对呼吸系统的影响、金属和醛的暴露 (REMA)

• 批准号: 10505765
• 负责人: Angela Aherrera
• 金额: $ 15.94万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10505765
• 关键词: Acrolein; Adult; Aerosols; Affect; Aldehydes; Behavior; Biological Markers; Blood; Characteristics; Chemical Exposure; Chemicals; Clinical; Complement; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Device Designs; Devices; Electronic cigarette; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Health; Epidemiologist; Epithelial Cells; Exhalation; Formulation; Free Radicals; Frequencies; Gene Expression; Goals; Health; Heating; High Pressure Liquid Chromatography; Immunologist; Individual; Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inhalation; Inorganic Chemicals; Isoprostanes; JUUL; Joints; Knowledge; Lung; Malondialdehyde; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mentors; Metal exposure; Metallothionein; Metals; Methods; Nasal Epithelium; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Nature; Nicotine; Nitric Oxide; Nose; Organic Chemicals; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Participant; Patient Recruitments; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Proteins; Proxy; Questionnaires; Regimen; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Respiratory Signs and Symptoms; Sampling; Scientist; Source; Spirometry; Stress; Symptoms; Tobacco; Toxic effect; Training; Urine; Work; aged; airway inflammation; bronchial epithelium; chemokine; cinnamic aldehyde; cohort; cytokine; design; e-cigarette aerosols; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; electronic liquid; improved; inflammatory marker; lung health; metal poisoning; non-smoker; novel; pollutant; pulmonary function; recruit; respiratory; respiratory health; skills; tobacco control; toxic metal; vaping; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY My long-term goal is to become an independent investigator focusing on how pollutant exposures may adversely affect respiratory health and identify measures to effectively mitigate such exposures. My primary project objective is to investigate the exposure and toxicity of chemical constituents of concern (CCOC), namely metal and aldehydes, as well as the pulmonary health effects, including inflammation, of using new and emerging electronic cigarette (e-cig) devices among young adults. E-cig devices work by heating a mixture of chemicals to generate an aerosol that is inhaled by the user. Use of e-cigs has increased and, among adults, remains the highest among those aged 18 to 24 years. More recent e-cig devices such as disposable PODs have grown in popularity, yet it is currently unknown whether these new devices’ design characteristics in conjunction with user vaping regimen impact CCOC exposure and influence respiratory health. Thus, my specific aims are to 1) evaluate the relationship between e-cig use and CCOC exposure and effect, 2) assess the association of e-cig use with respiratory outcomes and inflammatory markers, and 3) assess CCOC exposure as a mixture and potential mediator in e-cig related respiratory health outcomes. In this cross-sectional study, to achieve Aim 1 (K99 phase), 150 participants (75 e-cig users, 75 non-users) will be recruited to assess biomarkers of exposure (aldehydes, metals) and effect (metallothionein) from e-cig use. This will leverage the ongoing EMIT study which looks at metal exposure and collects e-cig user regimen via questionnaire, aerosol samples, biospecimens (blood, urine), and spirometry measures. After receiving training in chemical analysis, respiratory clinical outcomes, and inflammatory markers, including gene expression changes, a new cohort of 150 participants (75 e-cig users, 75 non-users) will be recruited for Aim 2 (R00 phase). This phase will not only collect the same data as in Aim 1 but also biomarkers of effect and inflammation (blood, urine, FeNO) and gene expression profiles (in nasal epithelial cells). Whether e-cig users have increased respiratory symptoms, inflammation and altered gene expression profiles compared to non-users will be evaluated. Combining Aims 1 and 2 cohorts (n= 300), Aim 3 will employ the use of Bayesian and causal mediation methods to assess if CCOC exposure is positively associated with and explains, at least in part, the respiratory effects from e-cig use. With the proliferation of newer e-cig devices, there is an urgent need to characterize exposure and respiratory health effects resulting from their use. This study has the potential to generate critical data to inform FDA regulation to limit adverse exposures and health outcomes and curb the increasing prevalence of use among young adults. Through this research, my didactic coursework, and the guidance of my mentoring team consisting of a pulmonologist, exposure scientist, immunologist, analytical chemist, and environmental epidemiologist, I will acquire critical skills needed to be a successful independent researcher in environmental health and tobacco control.

项目概要 我的长期目标是成为一名独立调查员，专注于污染物暴露如何产生不利影响 影响呼吸系统健康并确定有效减轻此类暴露的措施。我的主要项目 目标是调查关注化学成分 (CCOC) 的暴露和毒性，即金属 和醛类，以及使用新兴的药物对肺部健康的影响，包括炎症 年轻人中的电子烟（e-cig）设备。电子烟设备通过加热化学混合物来工作 产生被用户吸入的气溶胶。电子烟的使用有所增加，并且在成年人中仍然是最常见的 18 至 24 岁人群中最高。一次性 POD 等最新的电子烟设备已在 受欢迎程度，但目前尚不清楚这些新设备的设计特点是否与用户结合起来 电子烟方案会影响 CCOC 暴露并影响呼吸系统健康。因此，我的具体目标是 1) 评估电子烟使用与 CCOC 暴露和效果之间的关系，2) 评估电子烟的关联 与呼吸结果和炎症标志物一起使用，以及 3) 评估 CCOC 暴露作为混合物和 电子烟相关呼吸系统健康结果的潜在调节因素。在这项横断面研究中，为了实现目标 1 （K99阶段），将招募150名参与者（75名电子烟用户，75名非用户）来评估暴露的生物标志物 （醛、金属）和电子烟使用的影响（金属硫蛋白）。这将利用正在进行的 EMIT 研究，该研究 通过调查问卷、气溶胶样本、生物样本查看金属暴露情况并收集电子烟用户的使用习惯 （血液、尿液）和肺活量测定。接受化学分析、呼吸临床培训后 一个由 150 名参与者组成的新队列（75 目标 2（R00 阶段）将招募电子烟用户（75 名非用户）。此阶段不仅会收集相同的数据 如目标 1 所示，还包括效应和炎症的生物标志物（血液、尿液、FeNO）和基因表达谱（在 鼻上皮细胞）。电子烟使用者是否增加呼吸道症状、炎症和基因改变 将评估与非用户相比的表达谱。合并目标 1 和 2 队列 (n= 300)，目标 3 将采用贝叶斯和因果中介方法来评估 CCOC 暴露是否为正向 与电子烟使用对呼吸系统的影响相关，并至少部分解释了这一点。随着泛滥 较新的电子烟设备，迫切需要描述接触和由此产生的呼吸系统健康影响的特征 来自他们的使用。这项研究有可能产生关键数据，为 FDA 监管提供信息，以限制不良反应 暴露和健康结果，并遏制年轻人中日益增长的使用率。通过这个 研究、我的教学课程以及由肺科医生组成的指导团队的指导， 暴露科学家、免疫学家、分析化学家和环境流行病学家，我将获得关键的知识 成为环境健康和烟草控制方面成功的独立研究员所需的技能。