Police Diversion to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: A Mixed Methods Study

摘要文本 这一及时而重要的K 01奖项将为PI del Pozo博士提供培训和专业知识， 这是实现他成为警务健康结果主要调查员的长期目标所必需的 与物质使用障碍有关。在美国，药物过量死亡人数已达到创纪录的比例。 由强大的合成阿片类药物驱动的国家。与此同时，警察部门被要求 强调对传统上导致逮捕的行为采取公共卫生方法。人士 阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD），解决这些问题的一种方法是将其转移到治疗中 使用阿片类药物使用障碍（MOUD）作为逮捕的替代品。这些连接可以是 有效的上游健康干预，但成功取决于官员的自由裁量权，这可能是 受到各种障碍以及基于污名的规范、态度和信念的负面影响， MOUD和OUD的人。有效的分流需要研究警察为什么选择分流， 逮捕，污名如何影响这些决定，以及项目和系统如何积极影响这一点 实践为了进行这项研究，拟议的奖项增加了PI作为一个 警察局长和他在米里亚姆医院/布朗接受药物使用博士后研究员的培训 大学与一个全面的计划，提供培训（1）定性方法，（2）科学， 污名，（3）心理测量，（4）调查数据分析，（5）实施科学与研究 在警察局的设计。培训将由具有特殊专业知识的导师指导：Jody Rich博士（小学） 导师），Michael Compton博士，Beth McGinty博士，Valerie Earnshaw博士和Steven Belenko博士。培训 计划战略上与混合方法研究保持一致，该研究将1）开发和验证一种工具， 衡量警察对吸毒者的污名，2）使用计划行为理论来识别其他 决定警察意图将人们转移到MOUD的关键变量，以及3）决定 警官认为有效分流的障碍和促进因素。与主要警察合作进行 研究组织和社区咨询委员会，该项目将产生可操作的培训，政策， 并为寻求增加与OUD护理联系的社区提供建议， 满足NIDA的RFI中概述的2021-2025年战略计划的几个优先事项：1）实施证据- 将治疗服务纳入司法环境; 2）翻译和 传播研究成果，为政策和实践提供信息; 3）确定和制定减少 （4）制定减少健康差距的方法。在本奖项结束时，PI将 能够对警察环境中药物使用的反应进行独立研究，包括R 01 在美国警察样本中对MOUD分流的有效性和实施的混合型2研究 部门

Abstract Text This timely and significant K01 award will provide the PI, Dr. del Pozo, with the training and expertise necessary to achieve his long-term goal of becoming a leading investigator of the health outcomes of policing in relation to substance use disorders. Drug overdose deaths have reached record proportions in the United States, driven by powerful synthetic opioids. At the same time, police departments are being called upon to emphasize public health approaches to behaviors that have traditionally generated arrests. For people with opioid use disorder (OUD), a way to address these concerns is the practice of diverting them to treatment using medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) as an alternative to arrest. These connections can be an effective upstream health intervention, but success relies on an officer’s discretionary judgment, which can be negatively influenced by a variety of barriers as well as stigma-based norms, attitudes, and beliefs about MOUD and people with OUD. Effective diversion requires research on why police officers choose to divert or arrest, how stigma affects these decisions, and how programs and systems can positively influence this practice. To conduct this research, the proposed award augments the PI’s unique and valuable experience as a chief of police and his training as a postdoctoral researcher in substance use at Miriam Hospital/Brown University with a comprehensive plan that provides training in (1) qualitative methods, (2) the science of stigma, (3) psychometric measurement, (4) analysis of survey data, and (5) implementation science and study design in police settings. Training will be guided by mentors with exceptional expertise: Dr. Jody Rich (primary mentor), Dr. Michael Compton, Dr. Beth McGinty, Dr. Valerie Earnshaw, and Dr. Steven Belenko. The training plan strategically aligns with mixed-methods research that will 1) develop and validate an instrument to measure police stigma toward people who use drugs, 2) use the Theory of Planned Behavior to identify other key variables that determine police officers’ intentions to divert people to MOUD, and 3) determine the officer-perceived barriers and facilitators of effective diversion. Conducted in collaboration with leading police research organizations and a community advisory board, the project will produce actionable training, policy, and process recommendations for communities seeking to increase connections to care for OUD, while meeting several priorities outlined in NIDA’s RFI for its 2021-2025 Strategic Plan: 1) Implementing evidence- based strategies in real world settings by integrating treatment services into justice settings; 2) Translating and disseminating research to inform policy and practice; 3) Identifying and developing approaches to reduce stigma; 4) Developing approaches to reduce health disparities. By the conclusion of this award, the PI will be positioned to conduct independent research on responses to substance use in police settings, including an R01 Hybrid Type-2 study of the effectiveness and implementation of diversion to MOUD in a sample of US police departments.