Rapid 3D Ultrasound Tomography Reconstruction Methods for Guided Interventions

项目概要/摘要 背景：作为一种便携式非放射性方式，超声已越来越多地用于引导介入治疗。 例如乳房、前列腺、大脑、面部和颈部的活检和外科手术。当前2D手持超 声和3D自动乳腺超声系统（ABUS）都只使用超声反射数据来生成 图像. 3D超声计算机断层扫描（USCT）开发用于同时使用反射和透射 数据，以提供改善的图像质量和潜在的更好的诊断价值。 挑战：USCT图像重建提出了计算复杂性高的历史挑战，由于 它的非线性、非凸性。据我们所知，所有现有的USCT算法具有高精度， 迭代的、基于优化的，并因此承受沉重的计算负荷。该计算负载尤其是 当将更多数量的换能器添加到系统以获得更多的解剖信息时是麻烦的。 因此，迫切需要开发一种USCT成像方法，以提供高分辨率和高速度 同时满足引导介入的要求。 方法：我们假设边界控制方法将实现非迭代USCT图像重建， 从而显著提高计算效率，同时增强了对噪声的灵敏度和鲁棒性。这 我们的初步研究已经在数学上证明了这一想法，并使com增加了10倍， 在保持高精度的同时，保持高速度。所开发的方法将作为一种理想的非放射性 为超声CT成像重建算法研究带来了新的视角。铝- 尽管本项目不用于临床，但我们将进行虚拟临床试验，以系统地评估 所开发的系统具有计算模拟幻影、3D打印幻影和基于数字患者的 幻影 影响：完成后，这项工作将实现计算量小，高保真，近实时的3D USCT成像系统，引导介入的理想选择。该系统有可能： ·在不影响图像质量的情况下，有效支持更多探头。 ·使便携式USCT能够为引导介入和其他临床应用提供强大的工具。 ·实现真正的实时3D USCT成像，并激发USCT的新应用。

Project Summary/Abstract Background: As a portable non-radioactive modality, ultrasound has been increasingly used in guided interven- tions such as biopsy and surgery procedure in breast, prostate, brain, face and neck. Current 2D handheld ultra- sound and 3D Automated Breast Ultrasound System (ABUS) both use only ultrasound reflection data to generate images. 3D Ultrasound Computed Tomography (USCT) was developed to use both reflection and transmission data to provide improved image quality and potentially better diagnostic value. Challenge: USCT image reconstruction presents a historical challenge of heavy computational complexity, due to its non-linear, non-convex nature. To our best knowledge, all existing USCT algorithms with high fidelity are iterative, optimization-based, and thus suffer a heavy computation load. This computation load is especially cumbersome when higher number of transducers are added to the system to obtain more anatomical information. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an USCT imaging method to provide high fidelity and high speed at the same time to satisfy the requirement of guided intervention. Method: We hypothesize that boundary control method will achieve non-iterative USCT image reconstruction, leading to significant increase in computational efficiency while warranting fidelity and robustness to noise. This idea has been mathematically proven and validated by our preliminary research with a 10-fold increase in com- putation speed while maintaining high fidelity level. The developed method will serve as an ideal non-radioactive intra-operative imaging guide, and bring new perspective to USCT imaging reconstruction algorithm research. Al- though this project is not intended for clinical use, we will perform a virtual clinical trial to systematically evaluate the developed system with computationally simulated phantoms, 3D-printed phantoms, and digital patient-based phantoms. Impact: Upon completion, this work will have achieved a computationally light, high-fidelity, near real-time 3D USCT imaging system, ideal for guided intervention. This system has the potential to: · Efficiently support considerably more transducers without compromising image quality. · Enable portable USCT to provide powerful tools for guided intervention and other clinical applications. · Lead to genuine real-time 3D USCT imaging and inspire new applications of USCT.