Regenerative Micro-Electrode Peripheral Nerve Interface for Optimized Proprioceptive and Cutaneous specific interfacing

项目摘要 每30多岁，世界上就有人截肢，大约有210万人 在美国，截肢者的上肢截肢者传统上使用被动的，身体力量， 使用表面肌电（EMG）信号的电动或电动假肢， 残肢中的完整肌肉用于运动，并依赖于视觉和/或替代感觉 输入.高级周围神经（PN）系统接口已被提议作为一种可行的 通过提供自然的感觉反馈， 传感机器人假肢不幸的是，目前的神经接口遭受共同的挑战， 电极故障、信号随时间退化以及传感器不稳定或有问题等故障， 感官知觉（“刺痛和刺痛”）仍然是一个挑战。我们的假设是， 获得对躯体感觉丘脑和皮层（S1/VPL）的上级控制，这将导致 通过使用分子引导的再生外周神经控制， 诱导皮肤和本体感受轴突沿着它们各自的分子线索臂 Y型再生超薄多电极界面（Y-MG-RUMEI）植入在ME-MEN- 神经横断。由于超薄MEI具有小得多的电极表面积， 希望它们能提供更多的局部控制，减少对大的、可能无关的轴突的兴奋 在周围神经。此外，我们将通过以下方式利用优化的微刺激（opMiSt）： 嵌入Y的2个分支中的UMEIs及其触摸和本体感觉的分子线索， ，分别。将从S1/VPL进行神经记录，以优化 外围Mist。 三个具体目标包括：SA 1。从Y-MG-REMEI中实现选择性Mist， 大鼠模型中的本体感受和皮肤导管。SA 2.确定VPL/S1的可控性 通过在大鼠前爪（手）截肢模型中的Y-MG-RUMEI感觉导管中的MiSt。SA 3.阻止- 如果Y-MG-RUMEIs允许更好的双向脑-神经-机器接口（biBNMI）控制， 与对照-RUMI相比，没有分子指导，基于大鼠中的biBNMI性能 截肢模特

Project Summary Every 30s, someone in the world has a limb amputated, with approximately 2.1 million people living with amputations in the U.S.A. Upper limb amputees traditionally use passive, body-pow- ered, or electrically powered prostheses that use surface Electromyographic (EMG) signals from intact muscles in the residual limb for movement and rely on visual and/or surrogate sensory input. Advanced peripheral nervous (PN) system interfaces have been proposed as a viable mechanism to improve the control by amputees by delivering naturalistic sensory feedback from sensorized robotic prosthetics. Unfortunately, current neural interfaces suffer from common chal- lenges such as electrode failure, signal deterioration over time, and unstable or problematic sen- sory percepts (“stinging and tingling”) that remain a challenge. Our Hypothesis is that we can obtain superior control over the somatosensory thalamus and cortex (S1/VPL), which will lead to more controlled sensory percepts by using molecularly guided regenerative peripheral nerve con- duits that entice cutaneous and proprioceptive axons down their respective molecularly cued arms of a Y-shaped Regenerative Ultra-thin Multi-Electrode Interface (Y-MG-RUMEI) implanted at me- dian nerve transections. As the Ultra-thin MEIs have much smaller electrode surface areas it is hoped they will offer more local control and decrease excitation of large, possible unrelated, axons in the peripheral nerve. Additionally, we will utilize optimized microstimulation (opMiSt) through UMEIs embedded in the 2 branches of the Y with their molecular cues for touch and propriocep- tion, respectively. Neural recordings will be made from the S1/VPL towards the optimization of the peripheral MiSt. Three specific aims are included: SA1. Achieve selective MiSt from Y-MG-REMEIs with Proprioceptive and Cutaneous conduits in a rat model. SA2. Determine controllability of VPL/S1 via MiSt in Y-MG-RUMEI sensory conduits in a rat forepaw (hand) amputee model. SA3. Deter- mine if Y-MG-RUMEIs allow better bidirectional Brain-Nerve-Machine Interface (biBNMI) control, as compared to control-RUMIs, without molecular guidance, based biBNMI performance in a rat amputee model.