Neurodevelopment of Emotional Interference Resistance in Adolescence to Adulthood: A Multimodal Neuroimaging Approach

项目摘要 儿童期的高度或增加的内化和外化症状的轨迹似乎相互影响， 两者相互促进，并与青春期早期病理的出现和恶化有关 和成年早期。它们与神经网络的改变有关， 抗干扰性--在抵抗干扰的同时，保持对目标相关信息的注意力的能力 不相关的情绪刺激虽然，这些神经网络经历了成熟的变化， 青少年，他们的发展与情绪干扰抵抗力的改善有关， 很好的描述。在工作记忆中检查神经活动对情绪干扰提供了丰富的 关于情绪干扰抵抗的时间顺序的信息。情绪干扰者会招募一个 扩展情感视觉系统（AVS）由枕颞皮层、内侧颞叶、颞叶和颞叶皮层组成， 额叶/杏仁核、腹外侧（vl）、腹内侧（vm）和背内侧（dm）前额叶皮质（PFC）;以及 调节AVS内的早期神经活动，表现为事件相关电位的幅度更大 （ERP）（即，N1、P1和LPP）。vlPFC和vmPFC以及它们与杏仁核的连接， 钩束（UF）白色物质束，在情绪干扰抵抗中起核心作用。剩下的 目前尚不清楚AVS区域的发育以及AVS内的结构和功能连接 促进情绪干扰阻力，并有助于精神病理学的轨迹， 内化和外化障碍。我们通过以下目标来解决这些问题：1）表征 从青春期到成年期情绪干扰抗性神经发育; 2）表征 情绪干扰物处理过程中神经活动的时间动态的神经发育; 3） 研究情绪干扰抗性的神经发育偏差如何造成对生活的脆弱性 压力，以预测内化/外化症状的增加轨迹;以及（4）表征 多模态神经影像学指标和轨迹的发育变化之间的关系 内化/外化症状。我们将招募210名10 - 25岁的样本（78%为白色，13%为黑色， 4%亚裔，2%拉丁裔，3%多种族），30名受试者（50%男性/女性，2/3 基于父母对内化和/或外化障碍的诊断和电流升高， 内化和/或外化症状）在每个年龄范围（10 - 11、12 - 13、14 - 15、16 - 17、18 - 19、20 - 22和23 - 24岁）中， 25)每9个月进行一次纵向随访，以提供5项内化和/或外化评估 症状，并每18个月提供三次神经评估。我们将使用多模式神经成像， 利用情绪延迟工作记忆研究抗情绪干扰的神经发育 任务研究结果将阐明情绪干扰抗性的神经发育，并及早告知目标 干预策略旨在最大限度地加强已识别的神经网络。

Project Summary Childhood trajectories of high or increasing internalizing and externalizing symptoms appear to mutually re- enforce one each other and be associated with the emergence and exacerbation of pathology in early adolescence and early adulthood. They have been linked with alterations in neural networks underlying emotional interference resistance—the ability to sustain attention on goal-relevant information while resisting interference from irrelevant emotional stimuli. Although, these neural networks undergo maturational changes during adolescence, their development in relation to improvements in emotional interference resistance has yet to be well characterized. Examining neural activity to emotional distracters during working memory provides rich information about the temporal sequence of emotional interference resistance. Emotional distracters recruit an extended affective visual system (AVS) comprised of the occipital-temporal cortex, medial temporal lobe/amygdala, ventrolateral (vl), ventromedial (vm), and dorsomedial (dm) prefrontal cortex (PFC); and modulate early neural activity within the AVS, as evidenced by greater magnitude of event-related potentials (ERPs) (i.e., N1, P1, and LPP). The vlPFC and vmPFC and their connections to the amygdala, facilitated by the uncinate fasciculi (UF) white matter tracts, play a central role in emotional interference resistance. What remains unclear is how development of AVS regions as well as the structural and functional connectivity within the AVS promotes emotional interference resistance and contributes to trajectories of psychopathology common to internalizing and externalizing disorders. We address these questions through the following Aims: 1) characterize the neurodevelopment of emotional interference resistance in adolescence through adulthood; 2) characterize the neurodevelopment of the temporal dynamics of neural activity during processing of emotional distracters; 3) examine how deviations in neurodevelopment of emotional interference resistance create a vulnerability to life stress to predict increasing trajectories of internalizing/externalizing symptoms; and (4) characterize relationships among developmental changes in multimodal neuroimaging indices and trajectories of internalizing/externalizing symptoms. We will recruit a sample of 210 10-25 year-olds (78% White, 13% Black, 4% Asian, 2% Latinx, 3% Multiracial) in an accelerated longitudinal design, with 30 participants (50%M/F, 2/3 at high risk based on parental diagnosis of an internalizing and/or externalizing disorder and elevated current internalizing and/or externalizing symptoms) in each age range (10-11, 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, 18-19, 20-22, and 23- 25) followed longitudinally every 9 months to provide five assessments of internalizing and/or externalizing symptoms, and every 18 months to provide three neural assessments. We will use multimodal neuroimaging to investigate the neurodevelopment of resisting emotional interference using an emotional delay working memory task. Findings will clarify neurodevelopment of emotional interference resistance and inform targeted early intervention strategies designed to maximally strengthen the identified neural networks.