Ethnic Differences in the Effects of COVID on the Substance Use Behavior of Emerging Adults

新冠病毒对新兴成年人药物使用行为影响的种族差异

• 批准号: 10543465
• 负责人: Pallav Pokhrel
• 金额: $ 70.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10543465
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Alcohols; Anxiety; Asian; Asian Pacific Islander; Asian population; Behavior; Businesses; COVID-19; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chinese; Data; Data Collection; Decision Making; Disparity population; Event; Exposure to; Face; Filipino; Financial Hardship; Funding; Hawaii; Hawaiian; Health; Health Promotion; Illicit Drugs; Indigenous; Institution; Japanese; Knowledge; Life; Loneliness; Malignant Neoplasms; Marijuana; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Modern 1601-history; Morbidity - disease rate; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; Pacific Islander; Pacific Islands; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Research; Research Design; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Self Medication; Social isolation; Stress; Stress and Coping; Subgroup; Surveys; Testing; Tobacco; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; biological sex; cohort; coronavirus disease; demographics; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; ethnic difference; health disparity; high risk; illicit drug use; innovation; interest; marginalization; mortality risk; pandemic disease; perceived discrimination; post-COVID-19; psychosocial; recruit; response; social culture; social disparities; substance use; substance use prevention; symptomatology; theories; tobacco control; tobacco products

ABSTRACT Little is known about the adverse psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on demographic groups that are already facing significant health disparities. Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI), who are indigenous to Hawaii and other Pacific Islands, face significant health disparities, which often get overlooked because of NHOPI being combined with low-risk Asian groups in national studies. Compared with Asians, NHOPI are at markedly higher risk for mortality and morbidity due to cancer and cardiovascular disease. In addition, tobacco and other substance use prevalence among NHOPI is much higher than among Asians. This proposal seeks to examine ethnic differences in substance use behavior before and after the spread of COVID-19 across Asians and NHOPI, with reference to Whites. In addition, we will test a new model that attempts to explain the mechanisms of the potential increase in substance use post-COVID among emerging adults (18-29 year olds). Informed by the theories of stress-coping, self-medication, and emerging adulthood (EA), the central postulate of the model is that post-COVID increases in financial distress, EA stress, perceived discrimination, loneliness/social isolation, COVID-related anxieties, and negative life events result in increased generalized stress and poorer mental health among emerging adults, which in turn results in increased substance use (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and illicit drugs). We hypothesize that NHOPI will show higher exposure to post-COVID financial distress, EA stress, COVID-related anxieties, loneliness, and negative life events, which will eventually lead to higher substance use among NHOPI. Our team has access to a cohort of emerging adults (N=2335; 55% women; 45% Asian, 20% NHOPI, 24% White, 11% Other) from Hawaii, originally recruited as part of research focused on tobacco control. Despite the tobacco focus, the study collected extensive data on other substance use behavior, mental health symptomatology, and EA attributes, which may be compared against post-COVID changes. We have collected 4 waves of pre-COVID data from the cohort in 6-month intervals. The 4th wave of data collection was completed in January 2020, approximately two months before the state of Hawaii halted all non-essential activities in response to the pandemic, including tourism, a mainstay of Hawaii’s economy. The decreased tourism and closure of businesses have resulted in Hawaii’s economy being one of the worst affected in the U.S. The current study plans to resume post-COVID data collection from the cohort for additional 6 waves. The first of the 6 waves is about to be launched in February-March 2021—approximately 1 year after the last pre-COVID survey—using institutional funds. The current proposal seeks to continue data collection every 6 month for 5 more waves. Across the 4 waves of pre- COVID data collection, we retained 89% of the baseline sample, almost all of whom have expressed interest for continued participation in the study. In sum, this study is significant for seeking to advance knowledge about the mechanisms of COVID-related health disparities and innovative for testing a new conceptual model.

抽象的 关于COVID-19对人口组的不利社会心理影响的不利影响知之甚少 已经面临重大健康差异。夏威夷原住民和其他太平洋岛民（NHOPI） 夏威夷和其他太平洋岛屿的土著，面临重大的健康差异，经常被忽视 由于NHOPI在国家研究中与低风险的亚洲群体相结合。与亚洲人相比 NHOPI因癌症和心血管疾病而导致死亡率和发病率的风险显着更高。在 此外，NHOPI中的烟草和其他物质使用率远高于亚洲人。这 提案旨在检查传播之前和之后的种族使用行为的种族差异 参考白人，跨亚洲人和NHOPI的Covid-19。此外，我们将测试一种新模型 试图解释新兴后旋转物质使用潜在增加的机制 成人（18-29岁）。由压力促进，自我药物和新兴成年的理论所告知 （ea），该模型的核心假设是，经济困扰，EA压力，感知到的兴奋后增加 歧视，孤独/社会隔离，与共同相关的动画和负面的生活事件导致增加 新兴成年人的普遍压力和精神健康较差，这又导致增加 药物使用（烟草，酒精，大麻和非法药物）。我们假设NHOPI将显示更高 暴露于后盘后的财务困扰，EA压力，相关的动画，孤独和负面生活 事件，最终将导致NHOPI之间的物质使用较高。我们的团队可以使用 新兴成年人（n = 2335; 55％女性； 45％的亚洲人，20％NHOPI，24％白人，其他11％），来自夏威夷， 最初是作为研究烟草控制的研究的一部分而招募的。尽管有烟草的重点，但该研究 收集了有关其他药物使用行为，心理健康症状和EA属性的广泛数据， 可以将其与后盘后变化进行比较。我们从 队列以6个月的间隔。第四波数据收集阶段于2020年1月完成，大约 在夏威夷州在响应大流行的所有非必需活动之前的两个月，包括 旅游业，夏威夷经济的支柱。企业的旅游业减少和关闭已导致 夏威夷的经济是美国最严重影响的经济之一 从队列中收集数据，以增加6个波。这6浪中的第一个即将在 2021年2月3月 - 在上一次预循环的调查后约1年，使用机构资金。这 当前的提案试图每6个月继续每6个月收集数据，再进行5波。跨4波 COVID数据收集，我们保留了89％的基线样本，几乎所有的人都表示兴趣 为了继续参与研究。总而言之，这项研究对于寻求提高有关的知识很重要 与共同相关的健康分布的机制和用于测试新概念模型的创新。