Computational Modeling of Stability in Locomotion and the Effects of Vestibular Loss

项目摘要/摘要 走路时的平衡控制比站立时复杂得多，但到目前为止还没有得到那么多的关注。AS 在最近的NIDCD NIA联合出版物[1]中指出，有必要更好地了解 为前庭功能障碍患者制定有效的康复策略。 这个项目的目标是确定机构如何协调不同的战略，以维持稳定，同时 以及前庭功能紊乱如何影响这种策略的协调。 现有文献已经确定了人类行走中使用的四种主要稳定策略：1)调节 脚的位置，2)产生脚踝内翻/外翻扭矩以改变身体的外侧轨迹，3) 调整脚踝的推出力，以及4)改变躯干姿势。虽然这些战略正在积极地 协调一致以保持总体稳定，但尚未同时考虑所有这些问题。这项提议将 通过组合计算来调查所有四种主要稳定策略之间的相互作用 和实验方法。 将开发一个人体运动稳定性的计算模型，并将进行灵敏度分析 调查每种稳定策略的影响和前庭输入对 总体稳定(目标1)。该模型将提供测试单个策略如何对总体做出贡献的能力 稳定性，相互补偿，并受到不准确的前庭输入的影响。计算性的 模型将通过与健康成年人收集的实验数据进行比较来验证和改进 在有或没有身体限制的情况下行走，这会消除个人的稳定策略(目标2)。步态 还将对单侧前庭功能减退的个体进行分析，以了解他们的 对具体策略的依赖不同于健康成年人(目标3)。这项建议将有助于 对行走中平衡控制的认识不全面。最终目标是确定将成为 在有针对性的康复计划中强调加强跌倒高危人群的稳定性(例如 前庭功能障碍)。 上述研究将作为申请人博士学位的一部分在#年完成 生物工程，重点是全身生物力学。申请者将在以下方面发展知识 生物力学、神经生理学、对照和统计分析。申请者将进一步提高她的技术和 通过进行建议的研究、执行附加的动手实验和 人体动作捕捉技术，并接受来自不同的工程师、医生、 还有理疗师。

Project Summary/Abstract Balance control is far more complex in walking than standing, yet has received less focus to date. As noted in a recent joint NIDCD NIA publication [1], there is a need to better understand the mechanisms of postural control in walking to develop effective rehabilitation strategies for individuals with vestibular disorders. The goal of this project is to identify how the body coordinates different strategies to maintain stability while walking and how that coordination of strategies is affected by vestibular disorders. Existing literature has identified four major stabilization strategies used in human walking: 1) regulating foot placement, 2) generating ankle inversion/eversion torque to alter the lateral trajectory of the body, 3) adjusting push-off force at the ankle, and 4) modifying trunk posture. While these strategies are actively coordinated to retain overall stability, they have not yet all been considered simultaneously. This proposal will investigate the interaction among all four major stabilization strategies through a combination of computational and experimental approaches. A computational model of human locomotion stability will be developed and a sensitivity analysis will be performed to investigate the influence of each stabilization strategy and the impact of vestibular inputs on overall stability (Aim 1). This model will provide the ability to test how individual strategies contribute to overall stability, compensate for one another, and are affected by inaccurate vestibular input. The computational model will be validated and improved through comparison with experimental data collected in healthy adults walking with and without physical constraints that remove individual stabilization strategies (Aim 2). Gait analysis with individuals with unilateral vestibular hypofunction will also be performed to understand how their reliance on specific strategies differs from healthy adults (Aim 3). This proposal will contribute to the incomplete knowledge of balance control in walking. The ultimate goal is to identify strategies to be emphasized in targeted rehabilitation plans to enhance stability in a population at high risk for falls (e.g. those with vestibular disorders). The research described above will be completed as part of the applicant’s doctoral degree in Bioengineering, with a focus on whole-body biomechanics. The applicant will develop knowledge in biomechanics, neurophysiology, controls, and statistical analysis. The applicant will further her technical and professional skills by conducting the proposed research, performing additional hands-on experiments with human motion capture technology, and receiving mentorship from a diverse team of engineers, physicians, and physical therapists.