PROJECT 2: Determine clinically relevant host-viral dependency networks for respiratory infections including SARS-CoV-2

项目2：确定与宿主病毒依赖性网络密切相关的 包括SARS-COV-2在内的呼吸道感染 总结 由SARS-CoV-2、甲型和B型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和 人类副流感病毒是全球重大公共卫生负担。虽然疫苗可用于 其中一些病毒、获得机会的不平等和病毒的不断演变削弱了它们的效力。此外，委员会认为， 预防和治疗严重呼吸道病毒性疾病的有效治疗方法仍然大量缺乏。在项目 2、我们将利用病毒对宿主因子网络的依赖性，深入了解疾病机制， 新的治疗方法。我们专注于相关的原代细胞模型，泛病毒机制和创新 反向遗传技术在目标1中，将使用以下方法进行蛋白质组学和转录组学分析： 确定蛋白质丰度、翻译后修饰和基因表达的全球变化的技术核心 在感染的原代人肺细胞和三维人气道类器官中的表达谱。结果 数据管理、生物信息学和建模核心将利用现有的组学进行整合 和人类GWAS数据集来搜索与临床发病机制相关的特征。在目标2中，病毒和 宿主遗传学将用于揭示呼吸道感染的关键宿主依赖因素，使用快速SARS- CoV-2克隆以及全基因组CRISPR筛选。在目标3中，使用感染细胞的上清液和 患者血清样本，我们将表征SARS-CoV-2 ORF 8和其他 分泌的病毒蛋白与临床数据相关。在项目1中，我们将测试它们对其他呼吸系统的影响。 病毒和结核分枝杆菌感染。我们预计这些研究将产生重大影响 有关未来预防呼吸道病毒感染的公共卫生措施。

PROJECT 2: DETERMINE CLINICALLY RELEVANT HOST-VIRAL DEPENDENCY NETWORKS FOR RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS INCLUDING SARS-COV-2 SUMMARY Respiratory viral infections caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and human parainfluenza virus are a significant public health burden globally. Although vaccines are available for some of these viruses, the inequality in access and the constant virus evolution diminish their efficacy. Moreover, effective therapeutics preventing and treating severe respiratory viral diseases are still largely lacking. In Project 2, we will exploit viral dependencies on host factor networks to gain insight into disease mechanisms and develop new therapeutic approaches. We focus on relevant primary cell models, panviral mechanisms and innovative reverse genetics technologies. In Aim 1, proteomics and transcriptomics analyses will be performed with the Technology Core to determine global changes in protein abundance, post-translational modifications, and gene expression profiles in infected primary human lung cells and three-dimensional human airway organoids. Results will be integrated by the Data Management and Bioinformatics and Modeling Cores using existing -omics and human GWAS datasets to search for signatures that correlate with clinical pathogenesis. In Aim 2, virus and host genetics will be used to uncover host dependency factors critical for respiratory infection, using rapid SARS- CoV-2 cloning as well as genome-wide CRISPR-screens. In Aim 3, using supernatants of infected cells and patient serum samples, we will characterize the pro-inflammatory effects of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 and other secreted viral proteins in correlation with clinical data. With Project 1, we will test their effect on other respiratory viruses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We anticipate that these studies will have a significant impact on public health measures against respiratory virus infections in the future.