Teen Mothers’ Prenatal Cannabis Use and Co-Use with Tobacco

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This is a proposal for an administrative supplement in response to NOT-OD-22-03: Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Research on the Health of Women of Understudied, Underrepresented and Underreported (U3) Populations. Structural racism and discrimination (SRD) has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes among Latine girls and women, especially those who identify as English language learners (ELL; also called limited English proficient or non-English speaking) and immigrants. SRD create compounding challenges for ELL Latine immigrant pregnant girls and women from emerging or “new growth” Latine communities that have seen rapid growth and may lack the structural and social supports available in established Latine communities. SRD may impact maternal and child health among adolescent and young adult (AYA) pregnant ELL Latine immigrants by interacting with substance use, intimate partner violence (IPV), and depression, all of which are prevalent in this group. In the proposed study, we will be pursuing the aims of the YoungMoms project (R01046401) a mixed-methods longitudinal study of cannabis and tobacco use in AYA pregnant and postpartum people in Pittsburgh. We will leverage our partnerships with community leaders at Casa San José and the Salud Para Niños program to recruit pregnant and postpartum ELL immigrant Latine AYA to contextualize SRD, IPV and depression in this underserved community and to adapt the YoungMoms protocol. The YoungMoms project currently measures discrimination related to racism with the Everyday Discrimination measure, as well as substance use, depressive symptoms and IPV. However, ELL Latine people, who are under-represented in research, are currently excluded from the YoungMoms project because study materials are only available in English. They also may have experiences that are not captured by the current YoungMoms measures. We seek supplemental funding to achieve two aims: (1) conduct interviews with postpartum ELL immigrant Latine ages 14-24 to better understand how SRD intersects with substance use, IPV, and depression; and (2) use the Method for Program Adaptation through Community Engagement process and human centered design to translate, pilot test, and refine the protocols and measures for the YoungMoms study so that they are linguistically and culturally affirming for pregnant ELL immigrant Latine AYA in Pittsburgh. This community-partnered research project will center the voices of this population with the use of qualitative interviews and innovative community collaborative meeting activities. Results from this proposal will inform expansion of recruitment for the YoungMoms study to also include Latine ELL people, advance our understanding of how SRD impacts pregnant ELL Latine AYA, and establish tools and methods for further research to promote the health and thriving of Latine people from emerging communities.