Activation of C/EBP-β by mitohormesis as a therapy for obesity

项目摘要 据估计，美国大约40%的成年人肥胖，因此风险增加。 几种慢性病的治疗目前的减肥策略对肥胖的人往往是无效的， 严重的神经副作用该提案旨在确定是否有新的治疗策略， 预防肥胖可以从目前对生物衰老的认识中发展出来。 转录因子C/EBP-β调节脂肪代谢和脂肪储存相关基因的表达 动员。初步观察表明，促长寿干预，如mTORC 1抑制， 预防小鼠饮食诱导的肥胖并激活C/EBP-β。核苷类似物逆转录酶 抑制剂（NRTI）阿德福韦酯（ADV）也可以预防饮食诱导的肥胖，并激活C/EBP-β， 独立于mTORC 1抑制。 在这些前提的基础上，目的1检验了肝C/EBP-β激活导致肝细胞凋亡增加的假设。 能量消耗和脂肪代谢，对体重和脂肪储存有净负面影响。使用转基因技术 和药理学方法，我们将确定肝脏C/EBP-β在脂质代谢中的作用， 在面对致肥胖的挑战和病态肥胖时保持体内平衡。最先进的技术将会 应用于测量C/EBP-β的不同亚型对能量平衡、葡萄糖稳态和代谢的影响。 糖脂代谢的内分泌调节。 目的2确定是否有丝分裂刺激应激可以通过激活 C/EBP-β。使用ADV和其他线粒体应激物，我们将测量有丝分裂激素途径的激活 以及它们与脂肪酸的肝氧化和能量消耗增加的关系。 这项建议将在一个在老龄化和人口老龄化方面都有强大研究计划的机构进行， 肥胖/糖尿病生物学。候选人将接受最先进的技术和分析工具的培训 完成这两个目标所必需的，包括间接量热法，胰岛素和葡萄糖耐量试验， 大数据分析。候选人还将获得能源和营养方面的深入背景知识 体内平衡总之，所提出的实验和训练将使候选人能够建立一个 独立和成功的研究计划，应用老年科学的见解，了解和 研究营养平衡、能量平衡和相关代谢紊乱。

Project Summary It is estimated that around 40% of the adult population of the United States is obese and thus at increased risk for several chronic illnesses. Current weight loss strategies for obese people are often ineffective and come with serious neurological side effects. This proposal aims to determine whether new strategies to treat and prevent obesity can be developed from current insights into biological aging. The transcription factor C/EBP-β regulates the expression of genes involved in fat catabolism and fat stores mobilization. Preliminary observations suggest that pro-longevity interventions, such as mTORC1 inhibition, prevent diet-induced obesity in mice and activate C/EBP-β. The nucleoside-analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) also prevents diet-induced obesity and activates C/EBP-β, though independently of mTORC1 inhibition. Building on these premises, Aim 1 tests the hypothesis that activation of hepatic C/EBP-β leads to increased energy expenditure and fat catabolism, with net negative effects on weight and fat stores. Using transgenics and pharmacological approaches, we will determine the role of hepatic C/EBP-β in lipid metabolism and homeostasis in the face of obesogenic challenges and morbid obesity. State-of-the-art techniques will be applied to measure the impact of different isoforms of C/EBP-β on energy balance, glucose homeostasis, and endocrine regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Aim 2 sets out to determine whether mitohormetic stresses can increase lipid metabolism through activation of C/EBP-β. Using ADV and other mitochondrial stressors, we will measure activation of mitohormetic pathways and their connection with increased hepatic oxidation of fatty acids and energy expenditure. This proposal will be carried out in an institution with strong research programs in both aging and obesity/diabetes biology. The candidate will receive state of the art training in techniques and analytical tools necessary to the completion of both aims, including indirect calorimetry, insulin and glucose tolerance testing, and big data analysis. The candidate will also acquire an in-depth background in energy and nutrient homeostasis. Altogether, the experiments and training proposed will allow the candidate to build an independent and successful research program applying insights from geroscience to understand and investigate nutrient homeostasis, energy balance, and related metabolic disorders.