权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Applications of high resolution fMRI in ultra-high field (7T) in revealing developmental disorders underlying amblyopia

超高场（7T）高分辨率功能磁共振成像在揭示弱视发育障碍中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
10595050
负责人：
Shahin Nasr
金额：
$ 61.15万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10595050
关键词：
3-Dimensional Adult Affect Amblyopia Animals Anisometropia Area Behavioral Binocular Vision Biological Markers Brain Cells Classification Color Contrast Sensitivity Cortical Column Cues Diagnosis Disease Environment Eye Eye Development Frequencies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals High Prevalence Human Hyperacusis Impairment Individual Knowledge Life Link Maps Measures Mediating Methods Modeling Modernization Motion Motion Perception Ocular dominance columns Perception Persons Physiological Population Property Reporting Resolution Stimulus Strabismus Stream Structure Techniques Technology Testing Thick Thinness Vision Vision Disorders Visual Cortex Visual Perception Visual System Visual impairment area V2 area striata behavior test behavioral impairment biomedical imaging developmental disease early childhood effectiveness evaluation extrastriate extrastriate visual cortex in vivo magnocellular neural neuroimaging neuromechanism parvocellular preference preservation response tool visual processing

项目摘要

Summary Amblyopia is a visual impairment due to the disruption of binocular vision during early childhood. This disorder affects the function of fine-scale structures within visual cortex, such as ocular dominance columns in the striate visual cortex (V1) and neural columns that comprise magno- and parvo-cellular streams within visual area V2, V3, V3A, V4 and MT. This developmental disorder leads to a variety of perceptual impairments from 2D spatial distortion, to decreased acuity in 3D perception and abnormal global motion perception. Amblyopia is one of the most common visual disorders, affecting approximately 3% of the world’s population (i.e. 10 million people in the US alone). Despite the high prevalence of amblyopia and its severe impact on visual perception, our knowledge of its impact on visual cortical processing is largely limited to findings based on invasive techniques (e.g. single cell recordings) in animals. This is mainly due to technical limitations (e.g. low spatial resolution) of conventional neuroimaging techniques, commonly used in human studies, compared to the size of those cortical structures affected by amblyopia. However, with recent advances in high-resolution neuroimaging techniques, based on using ultra-high field scanners, it is now possible to localize and study functional properties of the fine-scale cortical structures, affected by amblyopia, in humans non-invasively. Using these advanced techniques, we have already provided one of the few direct in vivo evidence for ocular dominance columns in human V1 (Nasr and Tootell, 2016) and depth- (Nasr et al., 2016; Nasr and Tootell, 2016) and color-sensitive (Nasr et al., 2016; Tootell and Nasr, 2017; Nasr and Tootell, 2018) neural columns within human extrastriate visual areas. These findings, plus our preliminary results enclosed with this proposal suggest that, by taking advantage of these modern neuroimaging techniques, neural impairments underlying amblyopia can be revealed and scrutinized directly in humans with a spatial scale comparable to animal studies. During the course of this project, we will use the cutting-edge high resolution neuroimaging technology available to us in the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging to reveal impacts of amblyopia on visual system. The results of this project not only fundamentally change the scale at which we can understand the neural mechanisms underlying amblyopia in human, but also 1) introduces new biomarkers that can be potentially used for amblyopia classification and 2) provides new tools to assess effectiveness of amblyopia treatments which are still debated in the absence of any physiological evidence.

总结