Novel strategies for genetic improvement of disease resistance in perennial ryegrass

多年生黑麦草抗病性遗传改良的新策略

• 批准号: 102087
• 金额: $ 31.46万
• 依托单位: OPENFOLDE LIMITED
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Collaborative R&D
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=102087
• 关键词: Novel; strategies; genetic; improvement; disease

Perennial ryegrass (PRG) provides the majority of forage for livestock in the UK, and delivers commercial returns to Germinal Holdings (GHL) through seed sales. Drechslera andersonii or net blotch is a serious fungal disease of PRG, and the UK is at high or medium risk. Biomass yield decreases can be more than 1t DM per hectare in the first cut. Few current varieties have good resistance, and the UK bred high sugar grass (HSG) varieties show poor resistance. Fungicide use is not a viable option. Reduction in the use of HSG varieties will lead to decreasing sales and increased imported varieties with higher resistance, but without the high sugar content, which improves ruminant nutrition efficiency and reduce GHG emissions from them. A 20% reduction in HSG seed sales for example would have serious commercial implications for GHL. IBERS, Aberystwyth University will collaborate with GHL to breed net blotch resistant HSG varieties using a novel backcross strategy aided by genomic selection. This will increase the speed and reliability with which disease resistant hybrids recover previous values of agronomic and HSG traits, and thus help GHL maintain or increase market share.

多年生黑麦草（PRG）为英国的牲畜提供了大部分饲料，并通过种子销售为German Holdings（GHL）提供商业回报。Drechslera andersonii或网斑病是PRG的一种严重真菌疾病，英国处于高或中等风险。第一次采伐时，生物量每公顷减少1吨DM以上。目前很少有品种具有良好的抗性，英国培育的高糖草（HSG）品种表现出较差的抗性。使用杀真菌剂不是一个可行的选择。减少HSG品种的使用将导致销售减少，并增加具有较高抗性但不含高糖含量的进口品种，这将提高反刍动物的营养效率并减少温室气体排放。例如，HSG种子销量减少20%将对GHL产生严重的商业影响。IBERS，阿伯里斯特威斯大学将与GHL合作，利用基因组选择辅助的新回交策略培育抗网斑病的HSG品种。这将提高抗病杂交种恢复先前农艺和HSG性状值的速度和可靠性，从而帮助GHL保持或增加市场份额。