KINEMATICS AND STABILITY OF THE ARCH OF THE FOOT

据估计，美国有7400万人有脚 有问题。各个年龄段的患者中最常见的足部疾病是PES 平足，或平足，这可能是一种痛苦的、致残的情况。的确有 关于最佳手术治疗方法的一些争论，因为 标准牙弓重建程序的缺点。的主要目标是 拟议的调查是为了解决与以下相关的问题 足弓的重建手术。更具体地说，两个 计划进行研究以增加对足部力学的基本了解 通过分析拱门的运动学和稳定性，并进行了第三次研究 计划将研究成果应用于拱形重建的发展 程序。 L研究：机器人的三维运动学和关节接触行为 将使用磁性跟踪技术在体外研究脚的正常足弓 系统在生理负荷条件下。结果将用于 检验这一假设。H1：牙弓的生理负荷导致 构成拱形的所有关节的显著位移和 关节接触特性发生显著变化。 研究二：身体足部标本将在不同载荷下进行测试 六个构造物连续剖分稳定结构的条件 足弓造成牙弓不稳(扁平足或扁平足畸形)。 解剖元素将按不同的顺序进行切片，并且 确定了各结构对稳定性的相对贡献。二 将检验假设(H2和H3)。H2：表浅三角肌和 距跟韧带是最重要的静态结构 负责维护拱形的稳定性。H3：关节接触总面积和 距舟关节和距下关节的接触分布 平坦性鼻炎的显著改变。 研究3：使用第一次和第二次研究的数据，重建牙弓 将根据运动学和 稳定性。将检验两个假设(H4和H5)。H4：标准 指长屈肌腱移位等手术不能 有效恢复牙弓或关节接触的对准或稳定 特点。H5：三角肌韧带前移明显改善 拱形的线形和稳定性以及接头的接触特性。

It is estimated that 74,000,000 people in the United States have foot problems. The most common foot disorder in patients of all ages is pes planus, or flat foot which may be a painful, disabling condition. There is some debate regarding the optimum surgical treatment method because of shortcomings of standard arch reconstruction procedures. The main goal of the proposed investigation is to address problems associated with reconstructive operations of the arch of the foot. More specifically, two studies are planned to increase the basic understanding of foot mechanics by analyzing the kinematics and stability of the arch, and a third study is planned to apply results toward the development of arch reconstruction procedures. Study l : Three-dimensional kinematics and joint contact behavior of the normal arch of the foot will be studied in vitro using a magnetic tracking system under physiological loading conditions. Results will be used to test the hypothesis. H1: Physiologic loading of the arch results in significant displacement of all the joints constituting the arch and significant changes in joint contact characteristics. Study 2: Cadaveric foot specimens will be tested under different loading conditions with sequential sectioning of six structures stabilizing the arch to create arch instability (pes planus or flat foot deformity). Anatomic elements will be sectioned in different sequences and the relative contribution of each structure to stability determined. Two hypotheses (H2 and H3) will be tested. H2: Superficial deltoid and talocalcaneal ligaments are the most important static structures responsible to maintain arch stability. H3: Total joint contact area and contact distribution at talonavicular and subtalar joints are significantly altered in pes planus. Study 3: Using data from first and second studies, arch reconstruction operations will be developed and compared based on kinematics and stability. Two hypotheses will be tested (H4 and H5). H4: Standard operations such as flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer do not effectively restore alignment or stability of the arch or joint contact characteristics. H5: Deltoid ligament advancement significantly improves arch alignment and stability and joint contact characteristics.