Auto-dissemination of entomopathogenic fungi for sustainable control of spotted wing drosophila, an invasive pest threatening the future prosperity of the UK horticulture industry

自动传播昆虫病原真菌以可持续控制斑翅果蝇，这是一种威胁英国园艺业未来繁荣的入侵性害虫

• 批准号: 104607
• 金额: $ 92.08万
• 依托单位: RUSSELL IPM LTD
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Collaborative R&D
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=104607
• 关键词: Auto; dissemination; entomopathogenic; fungi; sustainable

"The UK fruit industry is under continual pressure from introduction of non-native pests and diseases. Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), _Drosophila suzukii_, was first detected in the UK in 2013 and populations have increased year-on-year since then. The pest lays eggs in fruit before ripening and the larvae destroy the fruit from the inside, so the damage is only detectable after harvest. Fruits attacked in the UK include raspberry, strawberry, blueberry, blackberry, cherry and grapes and 25-100% of strawberry and cherry crops were lost during 2016\. The value of UK horticulture production is £400 m pa, and an estimated £20-30 m pa is currently spent on controlling the pest. Equivalent losses and costs are experienced in the US and other European countries where SWD has established. Best practice approaches include rigorous removal and destruction of waste fruit and use of insect mesh barriers. These are costly and growers still revert to routine pesticide applications to prevent economic damage. This strategy is not sustainable. Consumers increasingly demand produce free of insecticide residues and it is vital to prevent emergence of insecticide resistance in the pest. Furthermore, the need to use chemical insecticides against SWD is compromising the impressive programmes of integrated pest management that growers have developed against other pests and diseases.This research project will provide the basis for development of new products for control of SWD in a sustainable manner, compatible with integrated pest management. The product will use novel lures to attract the flies to a device which infects them with a new strain of fungus which is highly pathogenic to the flies but not to other organisms. The infected flies are released and the fungus can be passed on to other flies before killing the infected individuals, thus greatly enhancing the impact of the initial infection in a way not possible with other products.The commercial partners are the leading UK producer of biorational pest control agents and the UK's foremost berry and stone fruit production and marketing group. The academic partners are two research institutes with long experience in research on insect attractants and management of SWD. This will ensure timely delivery of research outputs which are suitable for commercial production and acceptable to growers. The research will provide the basis for development of at least three new products with worldwide market potential and their use will increase productivity and profitability of the UK horticulture industry."

他说：“英国水果产业不断受到外来病虫害传入的压力。斑点翼果蝇(SWD)于2013年在英国首次被发现，此后其数量逐年增加。害虫在果实成熟前在果实中产卵，幼虫从内部破坏果实，因此只有在收获后才能检测到损害。在英国受到攻击的水果包括树莓、草莓、蓝莓、黑莓、樱桃和葡萄，2016年期间草莓和樱桃作物损失了25%-100%。英国的园艺产值为400mpa，据估计，目前用于控制该害虫的费用为2000万至30mpa。在美国和其他设立社署的欧洲国家，都有相同的损失和成本。最佳做法包括严格清除和销毁废弃水果以及使用昆虫网屏障。这些措施成本高昂，种植者仍会恢复常规的农药使用，以防止经济损害。这种战略是不可持续的。消费者越来越多地要求农产品不含杀虫剂残留，防止害虫出现抗药性至关重要。此外，对社署使用化学杀虫剂的需要，正损害种植者为对抗其他病虫害而发展的良好综合虫害管理计划。这项研究计划将为发展可持续控制社署的新产品提供基础，并与综合虫害管理互相配合。该产品将使用新的诱饵将苍蝇吸引到一个设备上，该设备将使苍蝇感染一种新的真菌菌株，这种真菌对苍蝇具有高致病性，但对其他生物不会。受感染的苍蝇被释放，真菌可以在杀死受感染的个体之前传递给其他苍蝇，从而极大地增强了初始感染的影响，这是其他产品无法做到的。商业合作伙伴是英国领先的生物病虫害防治剂生产商和英国最重要的浆果和核果水果生产和营销集团。学术合作伙伴是两个在昆虫引诱剂研究和社署管理方面具有长期经验的研究机构。这将确保及时交付适合商业生产并为种植者接受的研究成果。这项研究将为开发至少三种具有全球市场潜力的新产品提供基础，它们的使用将提高英国园艺业的生产率和盈利能力。