ENHANCED COLOR FLOW IMAGING OF BREAST CANCER

采取了两种方法，这两种方法都可以用来增加 乳腺癌的检测和诊断的确定性， 乳房X光检查结果不明确的患者。 大多数癌性病变 乳腺癌和许多其他恶性肿块， 一个多血管的环围绕着他们的外围， 血管流动特性 10 MHz，连续波（CW）多普勒 已经检测到了这些异常，提供了90%的特异性， 乳腺恶性肿瘤;然而，它太繁琐而不实用。 脉冲多普勒和彩色血流成像仪仍然太不敏感， 检测小血管血流。 我们将研究是否增加 使用大样本量的灵敏度更有助于 癌症检测和诊断的高分辨率脉冲彩色 血流多普勒系统 该研究还将开发和评估3D 乳腺彩色血流扫描及三维显示 血管沿着与一些脉冲回波数据，以确定是否 由恶性病变产生的形态学畸变可以 在真实的时间中添加3-D可视化， 彩色血流成像 这将在可重复使用的体外 肾模型和兔肿瘤中，以确定对 在有症状的女性中， 在用于乳房X线照片的视图中具有轻微的压缩。 的 三维可视化和系统灵敏度的评价 将在有和没有气泡对比的情况下进行测量 用于增强小脉管系统的药剂。 示范和 乳腺多视图（复合）三维成像的评价 将通过手动三维图像展开完成血管系统 点配准。 相位畸变校正方法将是 用于创建超声波束轨迹和可能的速度 用于最终的折射校正。 组合 从长远来看， 增加致密乳腺中检出病变的数量， 提供足够的特异性，以避免大量不必要的 活检和确保有力的针吸活检或肿块切除术在那些 仍然可疑的病变。 我们还估计到 检测和诊断身体其他部位的癌症， 最终会被这些技术所增强。

Two approaches are taken which should both be usable to increase breast cancer detection and certainty of diagnosis in those patients in which mammography is equivocal. Most cancerous lesions of the breast, and many other malignant masses, are known to have a hypervascular ring around their periphery with abnormal small- vessel flow characteristics. 10 MHz, continuous wave (CW) Doppler has detected those abnormalities, offering 90% specificity for breast malignancy; however, it is too cumbersome to be practical. Pulsed Doppler and color flow imagers are still too insensitive to detect the small vessel flow. We will study whether the increased sensitivity from use of large sample volumes contributes more to cancer detection and diagnosis than high resolution in pulsed color flow Doppler systems. The study will also develop and evaluate 3-D color flow scanning of the breast and 3-D display of the vasculature along with some pulse echo data to determine whether the morphologic distortions produced by malignant lesions can be discerned better with addition of 3-D visualization to real time color flow imaging. This will be done in a reusable in-vitro kidney model and in rabbit tumors to determine sensitivity to tissue blush and small, discrete vessels and in symptomatic women with light compression in views employed for the mammograms. The evaluations of 3-D visualization and system sensitivity measurements will be performed with and without gas bubble contrast agents for enhancement of small vasculature. Demonstration and evaluation of multiview (compound) 3-D imaging of breast vasculature will be accomplished by 3-D image unwarping from manual point registration. Phase aberration correction methods will be employed to create ultrasound beam trajectories and possibly speed of sound images for eventual refraction corrections. Combination of all the information from this project should, in the long run, increase the number of detected lesions in dense breasts and should provide enough specificity to avoid a large fraction of unnecessary biopsies and assure vigorous needle biopsy or lumpectomy in those lesions which remain suspicious. It is also anticipated that detection and diagnosis of cancer in other body parts will eventually be enhanced by these techniques.