MODELS OF HEARING LOSS

听力损失模型

• 批准号: 2125533
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER W TURNER
• 金额: $ 14.04万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY AT SYRACUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-05-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2125533
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory threshold; cues; disease /disorder model; hearing aids; hearing tests; human subject; loudness; model design /development; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency; speech; speech synthesizers

This application describes experiments on the (mis)perception of speech cues by individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The general approach is to use speech and speech-like stimuli, as opposed to typical psychoacoustic stimuli. The experiments identify the types of speech segments and cues that are recognized incorrectly by hearing-impaired listeners. A measure of audibility based upon the short-term spectrum of speech sounds is used to separate the contribution of reduced audibility (i.e., errors due to speech cues presented below listener's thresholds) from the contribution of suprathreshold factors. Extensive studies of the levels of speech stimuli and audibility of individual speech sounds are also described. Additional experiments are proposed to identify the specific types of suprathreshold speech cures (described in physical terms, i.e., formant transitions, speech envelope cues, etc.) that present difficulties for the hearing-impaired individual. The objective is to search for common characteristics of these "problem speech cues" in order to lay the ground work for a comprehensive approach to explaining suprathreshold speech errors. Follow-up experiments will investigate the effects of modifying these speech cures upon their ability to be used by hearing-impaired subjects. Strategies including compression, and recording of formant transitions will be tested. The effect of long-term training upon listeners' abilities to use these modified cues will also be studied. The overall objective is to identify the types of speech cues that will require more than amplification to maximize speech recognition by patients and to investigate the bases for these results. The use of speech and speech-like signals is a unique approach in studying hearing loss, in that the specific problems of hearing-impaired subjects to use various speech cues can be studied directly. This knowledge has application to both improved use of existing hearing aid technologies, and also to improving future hearing aids.

这个应用程序描述了实验的（错误）知觉的讲话 听力损失的原因有哪些？的一般方法 是使用语言和类似语言的刺激，而不是典型的 心理听觉刺激实验识别了语音的类型 听力受损者不能正确识别的片段和提示 听众一种基于短期频谱的可听度测量方法， 语音声音用于分离降低的可听度的贡献 (i.e.,由于低于听者阈值的语音提示而导致的错误） 来自阈上因素的贡献。广泛的研究 言语刺激的水平和个体言语声音的可听度是 也描述了。 提出了额外的实验来识别特定类型的 阈上言语治疗（以物理术语描述，即，共振峰 转换、语音包络线索等）这给 听力受损的人。目的是寻找共同的 这些“问题语言线索”的特征，以便奠定基础 为解释阈上言语的综合方法而努力 错误.后续实验将研究修饰的效果。 这些语言疗法是基于它们被听力受损者使用的能力， 科目包括压缩和记录共振峰的策略 过渡将受到考验。长期训练对 还将研究听众使用这些修改后的线索的能力。 总的目标是确定言语线索的类型， 需要的不仅仅是放大，以最大限度地提高患者的语音识别能力 并研究这些结果的基础。演讲的使用和 类语音信号是研究听力损失的独特方法， 听力障碍者使用各种言语的具体问题 可以直接研究线索。这些知识适用于 改善现有助听器技术的使用， 未来的助听器