BIOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON TUNING IN THE INNER EAR

内耳调谐的生物学限制

• 批准号: 2125170
• 负责人: PETER M. NARINS
• 金额: $ 17.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2125170
• 关键词: Anura; acoustic nerve; alternatives to animals in research; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold shift; biological information processing; cell membrane; ear hair cell; efferent nerve; evoked potentials; fresh water environment; innervation; neuroanatomy; noise; psychoacoustics; sequential perception; single cell analysis; sound frequency; stimulus /response; temperature; vibration; voltage /patch clamp

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract.) The overall goal of the proposed research is a deeper understanding of the anatomical and neural bases of frequency selectivity in the vertebrate auditory system. In particular, the primary objectives of the proposed research are two: to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying stimulus interactions which affect tuning in the vertebrate auditory system, and to gain an understanding and appreciation of the cellular bases of frequency resolution. To accomplish the first of these objectives the investigators will (1) elucidate the underlying relationship between two-tone suppression and tuning in the auditory nerve by examining and comparing their temperature dependencies, (2) quantify the effect of contralateral sound on the tuning properties of single auditory nerve fibers, and (3) systematically study the effect of low-level vibratory stimulation on the auditory tuning properties of individual low-frequency auditory neurons. To carry out the second objective, the applicants will (1) precisely characterize membrane currents of auditory hair cells to determine their temperature dependencies, and thus to assess their contribution to tuning, and (2) relate anatomical fine structure (cell body dimensions, axon dimensions, innervation pattern) to tuning properties of identified auditory nerve fibers. Such data that result from this structure-function approach will be rich in implications regarding the anatomical and neural substrate underlying the processing of complex sounds, and that this work will serve as a model for understanding fundamental problems of human speech and music perception in adverse (noisy) environments.

描述：(改编自申请人的摘要。)的总目标是 这项拟议的研究是对解剖学和 脊椎动物听觉系统频率选择性的神经基础。 特别是，拟议研究的主要目标有两个： 提供对刺激相互作用的潜在机制的见解 影响脊椎动物听觉系统的调谐，并获得 理解和欣赏频率的细胞基础 决议。为了实现第一个目标，调查人员 将(1)阐明双音抑制之间的潜在关系 并通过检查和比较它们的 温度依赖关系，(2)量化对侧声音对 单个听神经纤维的调谐特性，以及(3) 系统研究低水平振动刺激对机体运动功能的影响 个体低频听神经元的听觉调谐特性。 为了实现第二个目标，申请者将(1)准确地 表征听觉毛细胞的膜电流以确定其 温度依赖性，并因此评估它们对调谐的贡献， 和(2)相关的解剖精细结构(细胞体大小、轴突 尺寸、神经支配模式)来调整已识别的 听神经纤维。由该结构-函数产生这种数据 方法将丰富的关于解剖学和神经学的含义 这是复杂声音处理的基础，这项工作 将成为理解人类基本问题的典范 在恶劣(嘈杂)环境中的言语和音乐感知能力。