CROSS LANGUAGE PERCEPTION OF VOWELS AND CONSONANTS

元音和辅音的跨语言感知

• 批准号: 2125448
• 负责人: WINIFRED STRANGE
• 金额: $ 14.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2125448
• 关键词: German; Japanese; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory stimulus; computer assisted instruction; computer program /software; experience; human subject; language; nonEnglish language; perception; psychoacoustics; sound frequency; speech; speech synthesizers; stimulus /response; training

The long-term objectives of this basic research are to specify the distinctive acoustic patterns in speech signals that perceptually differentiate the vowels and consonants of different languages and to explore the nature of both language-universal and language-specific perceptual processes by which adult listeners recover the linguistic message from the complex acoustic signal. Three sets of experiments are proposed. A) Acoustic and perceptual studies of the role of dynamic (time-varying) acoustic information in the specification of German vowels produced in continuous speech will investigate similarities and differences in the acoustics and perception of North German (NG) and American English (AE)A vowels by native speakers. B) Studies of the perceptual similarities of native-language and non-native vowels and consonants will examine how subjects judge the goodness-of-fit of non- active phonetic segments to native categories (cross-language similarities) and how non-native listeners differ from native listeners in their perceptual similarity judgments of selected sets of vowels and consonants (within-language similarities). The vowel inventories of NG, Japanese (J), and AE will be compared. In addition, AE and J listeners' judgments of AE approximant consonants/r, 1, w, j/and AE listeners' judgment of Hindi stop consonants will be examined. C) Perceptual training studies will attempt to improve adult listeners' perception of non-active vowels and consonants. English speakers will be trained on NG vowels and Hindi stop consonants; Japanese speakers will be trained on AE vowels and approximant consonants. Results of these studies will provide a better understanding of the role that linguistic experience plays in the modification of perceptual processes. In addition, they contribute information which may be valuable in improving the teaching of foreign languages to adults and in the amelioration of perceptual problems in children and adults with speech disorders.

这项基础研究的长期目标是明确 语音信号中独特的声学模式 区分不同语言的元音和辅音， 探索通用语言和特定语言的本质 成年听众恢复语言能力的感知过程 来自复杂声音信号的消息。 三组实验分别是 建议的。 A) 动态作用的声学和感知研究 德语元音规范中的（随时间变化的）声学信息 连续演讲中产生的内容将调查相似之处和 北德意志语 (NG) 和北德意志语在声学和感知上的差异 美式英语 (AE)A 母语人士的元音。 B) 研究 母语和非母语元音的感知相似性 辅音将检查受试者如何判断非辅音的拟合优度 主动语音片段到母语类别（跨语言 相似之处）以及非母语听众与母语听众有何不同 在他们对选定的元音组的感知相似性判断中 辅音（语言内的相似性）。 NG 的元音清单， 日语（J）和AE将进行比较。 此外，AE和J听众的 AE近似辅音/r、1、w、j/和AE听者的判断 将检查印地语停止辅音的判断。 C) 感性 培训研究将尝试提高成年听众对 非主动元音和辅音。 讲英语的人将接受培训 NG 元音和印地语停止辅音；日语使用者将接受培训 AE 元音和近似辅音。 这些研究的结果将 提供对语言经验的作用的更好理解 参与感知过程的修改。 此外，他们 贡献对改进教学可能有价值的信息 向成人传授外语并改善知觉 患有言语障碍的儿童和成人的问题。