EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALE INFERTILITY--CRYPTORCHIDISM

隐睾症可能是男性不育的主要原因，尽管有 没有以前单侧或双侧隐睾的对照研究 男性。 目前尚不清楚生育率是否与年龄有关。 隐睾的治疗，预处理睾丸定位， 预处理尺寸。 没有证据表明腰椎固定术 随后的生育能力。 尽管缺乏证据，目前 建议在2岁之前纠正隐睾症， 接纳的话 有一组2000名以前的隐睾男性，现在21岁或 在儿童医院做过手术的老人 匹兹堡，1955年至1984年。 这个群体是独一无二的，因为它包括 一大群在2岁或更小的时候做过手术的病人， 即使在接受治疗的患者中，也可以评估与治疗年龄的关系 在很小的时候。 在这一队列中，估计将有900人 已婚，能够联系并愿意参加评估 父亲的身份 本项目将评估这些主题，以确定： 1. 如果不孕症表现为父权减少， 单侧和双侧隐睾。 2. 如果治疗前的年龄与 睾丸的位置，大小，活检的存在和亲子关系。 第一部分将使用外部对照，生育受试者将 作为第二部分的内部控制。 已确定人口中的一个子集有病人可用; 在预计的3750名受试者中，已确定了2145名受试者， 从1955年到1984年的30年中的近25年。 研究 调查人员是那些参与了一个非常成功的 原儿童医院糖尿病患者的流行病学研究 糖尿病。 一项对350份病史记录的初步研究证实， 受试者的可获得性和数据的可靠性。 25名受试者的子集 已经联系了初步数据收集， 确保数据可以被获取。 这项研究将评估隐睾的生育能力，并确定是否 治疗双侧或单侧隐睾影响生育能力。

Cryptorchidism is likely a major cause of male infertility, although there are no controlled studies of formerly unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid males. It is not known whether fertility is related to the age of treatment of cryptorchidism, pretreatment testicular location and pretreatment size. There is no evidence that orchidopexy effects subsequent fertility. In spite of the lack of evidence, the current recommended age to correct cryptorchidism by age 2 is virtually universally accepted. There is a cohort of 2000 formerly cryptorchid males now 21 years of age or older who had surgery during childhood at The Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 1955 and 1984. This group is unique because it includes a large group of patients who had surgery at age 2 or younger so the relationship to age of treatment can be assessed even among those treated at very young ages. In this cohort it is estimated that 900 will be married, able to be contacted and willing to participate in an assessment of paternity. This project will evaluate these subjects to ascertain: 1. If infertility expressed as paternity is decreased in formerly unilateral and bilateral cryptorchid. 2. If there is a relationship between the age of treatment pretreatment testicular location, size, the presence of a biopsy and paternity. External controls will be used for portion one, fertile subjects will serve as internal controls in portion two. Patient availability has been ascertained to a subset of the population; 2145 subjects of the projected 3750 have been identified from the most recent 25 years of the 30 year period from 1955 to 1984. The research investigators are those who have been involved in a very successful epidemiologic study of former Children's Hospital patients with diabetes mellitus. A pilot study of 350 medical history records has verified the availability of subjects and reliability of data. A subset of 25 subjects have been contacted with initial data collection demonstrating a sampling of data and reassurance that data can be obtained. This study will, evaluate fertility in cryptorchidism and determine if treatment of bilateral or unilateral cryptorchidism effects fertility.