IMMIGRANT STRESSORS AND PSYCHO-SOCIAL ADAPTATION

移民与健康是护理研究的一个重要主题；它是 符合护理人员对高危人群的兴趣以及 个人和群体对环境背景的适应与以下方面有关 健康结果。然而，关于移民痛苦的根源的知识 他们的适应过程过于有限，难以发展。 以理论为基础的干预措施，以促进积极的健康结果。 对苏联移民的了解，苏联移民是世界上最大的不断增长的难民群体 美国，则更加有限。目前的研究集中在东南亚人身上 他在越南战争后开始进入美国。然而，他们面临的压力 东南亚可能无法与苏联相提并论。虽然苏维埃 与东南亚人来自同一群体的移民从未经历过 战争的恐怖，他们一生都在监护下度过 共产主义。在政治、经济和社会文化方面的差异 共产主义和资本主义国家可能会对 在美国重新安置的苏联移民，即使理论基础是 可用于制定临床干预措施，缺乏有效的 外国人口限值评估的标准化措施 治疗效果。这项拟议的研究的目的是开发 生成临床干预措施所需的理论基础 促进苏联移民的适应和标准化文书 来测试这些干预措施。连续的横截面和 纵向设计和多种方法(例如，深度访谈， 参与者观察、临床评分和标准化自我报告和 观测测量)将用于归纳理论的生成 工具开发，并测试与以下相关的演绎假设 移民的心理社会适应。该项目将有2个阶段。 第一阶段将是探索性的，使用移民队列的横截面来 生成对当地苏维埃社区的描述和归纳假设 [将在第二阶段进行测试]关于压力和适应。 将在第二阶段假设中采用的标准化衡量标准 测试还将在第一阶段进行试点测试，并进行修订以改进 他们的心理测量特征。在第二阶段，横断面和 来自标准化衡量标准的面板数据将与 纵向采访数据验证有关苏联移民的假设 心理风险与适应。实现这些目标将提供 之后将进行的临床试验的基础 通过生成设计的理论基础来完成本项目 以及促进高风险苏联人适应的时机干预 移民与检验疗效的过程和结果指标 这些干预措施。

Migration and health is an important topic of inquiry for nursing; it is consistent with nursings' interest in high risk populations as well as individual and group adaptation to environmental contexts in relation to health outcomes. Yet, knowledge about the sources of immigrants' distress and the process of their adaptation is too limited for developing theoretically based interventions to promote positive health outcomes. Knowledge about Soviet immigrants, the largest growing refugee group in the U.S., is even more limited. Current research focuses on southeast Asians who began entering the U.S. after the Vietnam war. Yet stressors faced by Southeast Asians may not be comparable for Soviets. Although Soviet immigrants from the same cohorts as southeast Asians have not experienced the horrors of war, they have spent their entire lives under the tutelage of communism. Political, economic, and socio-cultural differences between communist and capitalist countries may pose unique adaptive challenges for Soviet immigrants resettling in the U.S. Even if the theoretical base were available for developing clinical interventions, the paucity of valid standardized measures for foreign populations limits evaluation of treatment efficacy. The purposes of this proposed research are to develop the theoretical base needed to generate clinical interventions for promoting Soviet immigrants' adaptation and the standardized instruments for testing those interventions. A sequential cross-sectional and longitudinal design and multi-methods (e.g., in-depth interviews, participant observation, clinical ratings, and standardized self-report and observational measures) will be used for inductive theory generation instrument development, and testing deductive hypotheses related to immigrants' psycho-social adaptation. The project will have 2 phases. Phase I will be exploratory and use a cross-section of immigrant cohorts to generate description of the local Soviet community and inductive hypotheses [which will be tested during Phase II] about stress and adaptation. Standardized measures that will be employed during Phase II hypothesis testing will also be pilot tested during Phase I and revised to improve their psychometric characteristics. During Phase II, cross-sectional and panel data from the standardized measures will be combined with longitudinal interview data to test hypotheses about Soviet immigrants' psychological risk and adaptation. Accomplishing these aims will provide the foundation for clinical trials that will be conducted after the completion of this project by generating the theoretical base for designing and timing interventions for promoting adaptation among high risk Soviet immigrants and the process and outcome indicators for testing the efficacy of those interventions.