ROPS DESIGN FOR OLDER TRACTORS

拖拉机翻倒是农业工人死亡的主要原因 年。这些死亡和重伤是可以避免的，如果 拖拉机已经配备了翻车保护结构(ROPS)， 接线员系着安全带。NIOSH估计， 在美国使用的461万台拖拉机中，61%是 1971年以前制造的。对于这些老式拖拉机中的许多，ROP并不是 可用。如果ROPS可以安装在老式拖拉机的车轴上，那么 对这种潜在危险的控制是可以实现的。的目标是 该项目是使用ROPS测试模拟和实验室和现场 测试 ROPS制定适当的指导方针，以便ROPS可以设计为 安装在老式拖拉机上。具体目标是： 1)检查现有的拖拉机调查，以确定制造商和型号 美国目前正在使用的老式拖拉机。 2)根据类似的车轴设计对老式拖拉机进行分类 确定老式拖拉机车轴设计的主要类别。 3)利用有限元模型对各大类车轴进行分析。 设计以确定相对车轴强度并确定哪个主轴 车轴类别将支持ROPS加载。 4)调查每个主轴的车轴和安装修改 类别，允许ROPS安装在较旧的拖拉机上。 5)利用实验室和现场测试来研究ROPS设计 ROPS前拖拉机的主要车轴类别。测试将在 符合ASAE 5519的要求。 6)研究ROPS的振动载荷，以检验其疲劳失效 ROPS之前的拖拉机车轴。 7)制定旧版ROPS的设计和安装指南 拖拉机。设计指南将集中在桥壳支撑上。 以及安装修改和位置。

Tractor overturns are a major cause of agricultural-worker deaths each year. These deaths and serious injuries may have been prevented if the tractors had been equipped with a rollover protective structure (ROPS), and the operator was wearing a seat belt. NIOSH estimates that of the 4.61 million tractors utilized in the United States, 61 percent were manufactured before 1971. For many of these older tractors, ROPS are not available. If ROPS can be mounted to the axles of older tractors, then the control of this potential hazard can be attained. The objective of this project is to use ROPS testing simulations and laboratory and field testing of ROPS to develop suitable guidelines so that ROPS can be designed to be mounted on older tractors. The specific objectives are to: 1) Examine existing tractor surveys to identify the make and model number of older tractors currently in use in the United States. 2) Categorize the older tractors in terms of similar axle designs and define the major categories of older tractor axle designs. 3) Utilize Finite Element modelling to analyze each major category of axle design to determine the relative axle strengths and identify which major axle categories will support ROPS loadings. 4) Investigate axle and mounting modifications for each major axle category to allow ROPS to be mounted on older tractors. 5) Utilize laboratory and field testing to investigate ROPS design for the major axle categories of pre-ROPS tractors. Tests will be conducted in accordance with ASAE 5519. 6) Investigate vibrational loading of ROPS to examine fatigue failures on pre-ROPS tractor axles. 7) Develop guidelines for the design and mounting of ROPS on older tractors. The design guidelines will concentrate on axle housing support and mounting modifications and locations.