A Field Study Examining the Effects of Alcohol, Bar Environment & Beliefs on Sexual Misperception, a Precursor to Sexual Aggression

实地研究检查酒精、酒吧环境的影响

• 批准号: 10604598
• 负责人: Lauren Michelle Smith
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-16 至 2025-09-15
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10604598
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adverse effects; Aggressive behavior; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Attention; Attitude; Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes; Behavior; Belief; Characteristics; Clinical; Consent; Cues; Development; Encapsulated; Ensure; Environment; Etiology; Evaluation; Failure; Individual; Intervention; Intoxication; Investments; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Sex Behavior; Sexual Partners; Woman; Work; alcohol effect; alcohol myopia; analog; breath alcohol measurement; directed attention; drinking; experience; field study; information processing; interest; male; man; men; participant safety; programs; sex; sexual assault; sexual encounter; skills; sobriety; theories; therapy design; undue influence; willingness; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Sexual aggression, which refers to a continuum of sexual activities with a nonconsenting partner from unwanted sexual contact to forced penetration1, is an intractable public health problem. Despite a substantial investment in prevention and intervention efforts, rates of sexual aggression perpetration remain high, with 26 – 42% of men self-reporting past perpetration of sexual aggression2. One pathway to sexual aggression perpetration that has received considerable attention and empirical support is sexual misperception, or the erroneous perception of a potential partner’s sexual interest or consent3-6. Sexual misperception shares several key risk factors with sexual aggression perpetration, making it a valuable intermediary mechanism for examining perpetration constructs. Specifically, both sexual misperception and sexual aggression perpetration are associated with alcohol intoxication6-12 and a constellation of attitudes collectively referred to as the Confluence Model4,5,13-18. Although evidence suggests acute intoxication and Confluence Model constructs interact to predict sexual misperception, the nature of this interaction is unclear and the underlying mechanisms remain unexamined. This proposal aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of alcohol and Confluence Model constructs on sexual misperception and directly assess this interaction through an alcohol myopia (AM) framework. AM theory posits that alcohol’s effects on behavior are driven by its ability to direct attention to impelling (“go”) cues and away from inhibiting (“stop”) cues19. Attention to these cues is also influenced by a priori knowledge structures20-22 such as those encapsulated in the Confluence Model and those activated by the environment. The proposed research will directly measure the impact of Confluence Model constructs on intoxicated men’s attention to impelling and inhibiting cues of sexual interest and the effects of attention to these cues on sexual misperception in a field setting. Conducting this research at drinking venues addresses several significant gaps in the literature, namely the generalizability of these processes and the effects of contextual cues, which have substantial potential to inform intervention design and evaluation. This proposal is commensurate with the candidate’s desire to develop a research program centered around understanding the mechanisms underpinning alcohol-involved sexual misperception and sexual aggression perpetration. Through the proposed research and training plan, the applicant will develop the skills and expertise needed to make a substantive contribution to alcohol and sexual aggression research as an independent clinical scientist.

项目摘要 性侵犯，指的是一个连续的性活动与一个不同意的合作伙伴， 从不想要的性接触到强迫插入，是一个棘手的公共卫生问题。尽管有大量的 尽管对预防和干预工作进行了投资，但性侵犯犯罪率仍然很高， - 42%的男性自我报告过去犯下的性侵犯2。性侵犯的一种途径 一个已经得到相当多的关注和经验支持的犯罪是性误解，或 对潜在伴侣的性兴趣或同意的错误看法3 -6。性错觉分享 性侵犯犯罪的几个关键风险因素，使其成为一个有价值的中介机制， 检查犯罪结构。具体来说，性误解和性侵犯行为 与酒精中毒有关6 -12和一系列态度，统称为 汇流模型4、5、13-18。尽管有证据表明急性中毒和汇流模型结构 相互作用来预测性错觉，这种相互作用的性质尚不清楚， 机制尚未得到审查。本提案旨在全面评估 酒精和汇流模型构建的性误解，并直接评估这种相互作用，通过 酒精性近视（AM）框架。AM理论认为，酒精对行为的影响是由它的能力驱动的。 将注意力引导到推动（“去”）线索上，而远离抑制（“停”）线索19。对这些线索的注意是 也受到先验知识结构20 -22的影响，如汇流模型中封装的知识结构， 那些被环境激活的。拟议的研究将直接衡量Confluence的影响 醉酒男性对性兴趣刺激和抑制线索的注意力以及 在野外环境中，注意这些线索对性错觉的影响。进行这项研究， 饮酒场所解决了文献中的几个重大空白，即这些问题的普遍性。 过程和影响的背景线索，这有很大的潜力，告知干预设计 和评价。这个建议与候选人发展研究计划的愿望相称 围绕着理解酒精引起的性错觉的机制， 性侵犯犯罪通过拟议的研究和培训计划，申请人将发展 为酒精和性侵犯研究做出实质性贡献所需的技能和专业知识 作为一名独立的临床科学家