INHALATION AND SAMPLING OF LARGE PRTICLES, 10-150 UM

大颗粒的吸入和取样，10-150 UM

• 批准号: 2039475
• 负责人: WILLIAM C HINDS
• 金额: $ 9.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-30 至 1998-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2039475
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; mouth; occupational health /safety; particle; pulmonary respiration; vapor

The research proposed here will provide comprehensive data on inhalability and personal sampler performance over the particle size range of 10 to 150 micromoles for a wide range of exposure conditions, for liquid and solid particles, and for mouth and nose breathing. Exposure to large particles, 10-150 micromoles, occurs in occupational activities such as mining, woodworking, painting, pesticide application, grinding, and mineral processing. Generally, large particles such as heavy metals, pesticides, radioactive materials, and corrosives are harmful if inhaled, regardless of where they deposit in the respiratory system. Occupational health professionals need to know what fraction of large particles will be inhaled under different conditions, and how well different types of samplers collect these particles. Few data are available on the inhalation of large particles and the performance of samplers for these particles. For example, for particles greater than 30 micromoles, there are no data on inhalability for liquid particles, for nasal inhalation, and for sampling performance of 37 mm filter cassettes. Data for solid particles greater than 60 micromoles come from only one laboratory. Experimental measurements of these quantities under simulated industrial conditions are needed to support standards based on recent ACGIH and CEN sampling criteria for inhalable particulate matter (IPM). The proposed research will be conducted using UCLA's fully operational low-velocity wind tunnel to simulate, under controlled conditions, air motion typical of indoor work environments. Specific test conditions for solid and liquid particles are: eight particle sizes (10-150 micromoles), three air velocities (0.4-1.8 m/s), three breathing profiles (work rate of 0-102 W), two orientations (0 degrees and orientation average), and three replications for each condition. Personal sampler evaluation will include current "total," IPM, and prototype IPM samplers over the same range of conditions for solid and liquid particles.

这里提出的研究将提供有关吸入性的全面数据。 和个人取样器在10到150粒度范围内的性能 适用于液体和固体的各种曝光条件的微摩尔 颗粒，以及用于口鼻呼吸。 职业性接触大颗粒，10-150微摩尔。 采矿、木工、油漆、施药、 研磨和选矿。一般来说，像重颗粒这样的大颗粒 金属、杀虫剂、放射性物质和腐蚀剂在以下情况下是有害的 吸入，无论它们沉积在呼吸系统的什么地方。 职业健康专业人员需要知道 颗粒物会在不同的条件下被吸入，以及吸入情况如何 不同类型的取样器收集这些颗粒。很少有数据是 可用于吸入大颗粒和性能 这些颗粒的采样器。例如，对于大于30的粒子 微摩尔，没有关于液体颗粒可吸入性的数据， 鼻腔吸入，以及37 mm滤芯的取样性能。 大于60微摩尔的固体颗粒的数据仅来自一个 实验室。模拟条件下这些量的实验测量 需要工业条件来支持基于最新标准的标准 可吸入颗粒物(IPM)的ACGIH和CEN抽样标准。 拟议的研究将使用加州大学洛杉矶分校的完全可操作的 低速风洞，在受控条件下模拟空气 室内工作环境的典型动作。特定的测试条件 固体和液体颗粒有：8种颗粒尺寸(10-150微摩尔)， 三个风速(0.4-1.8m/S)，三个呼吸剖面(工作速度 0-102 W)、两个方向(0度和平均方向)和三个方向 每种情况下的复制。个人采样器评估将包括 当前在相同范围内的总IPM采样器和原型IPM采样器 固体和液体颗粒的条件。