THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF PLANT DEFENSE AGAINST UV RADIATION

植物防御紫外线辐射的分子基础

• 批准号: 3734691
• 负责人: RODRIGO I LOIS
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY FULLERTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3734691
• 关键词: Arabidopsis; environmental adaptation; environmental stressor; enzyme activity; flavonoids; gene expression; genetic mapping; photoprotection; plant genetics; radiation sensitivity; ultraviolet radiation

We do not fully understand the molecular mechanisms that help protect humans against UV. Much of our current knowledge in this area has been derived from studies in bacteria and yeast. The general aim of this project is to use the plant Arabidopsis as a model system to increase our understanding of the molecular basis of the adaptive responses of biological systems towards UV-stress. The choice of this organism is based on its being amenable to molecular as well as classical genetics studies. The overall plan is to find and isolate genes involved in the protective responses against UV-radiation; to analyze these genes and study their function in order to determine the role they play in UV-resistance; and ultimately to investigate the mechanisms that modulate their expression in response to UV-radiation. The approach being taken is two fold: 1. To isolate and analyze mutants displaying altered resistance to UV-radiation; and 2. To directly obtain clones of genes that become activated in response to UV-radiation. A mutant has been found which shows a drastic increase in sensitivity to UV-radiation because of a block in the accumulation of various UV-absorbing flavonoids. Specifically, the goals are to engage MBRS students in both approaches by assigning them, according to their interests, skills and career goals, to one of the following projects: 1. To determine the identity of the UV-absorbing flavonoids which are missing in the UV-sensitive mutant. 2. To determine which enzymatic activity in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway has been blocked in the mutant. 3. To genetically map the affected gene to a specific chromosomal location. 4. To analyze the different parameters that govern the UV-induced increase in flavonoid levels, especially with regard to the quality of the UV-signal. 5. To begin the second approach to define other UV-tolerance genes. Because of my Hispanic background, experience, and scientific interests, I feel I can efficiently guide and motivate minority students to become seriously involved in research; successfully complete their project and seriously consider pursuing a career in biomedical research.

我们并不完全了解帮助保护 人体防紫外线我们目前在这方面的大部分知识 来源于对细菌和酵母的研究。这件事的总体目标是 项目是使用植物拟南芥作为模型系统，以增加我们的 了解适应性反应的分子基础， 生物系统对紫外线的压力。选择这种生物是基于 对它进行分子和经典遗传学研究。 总的计划是找到并分离出与保护性基因相关的基因。 对紫外线辐射的反应;分析这些基因，并研究其 功能，以确定它们在抗紫外线方面的作用;以及 最终研究调节其表达的机制， 对紫外线辐射的反应。采取的方法有两个方面：1.到 分离和分析对UV辐射显示出改变抗性的突变体; 和2.为了直接获得基因克隆， 对紫外线辐射的反应。已经发现了一种突变体， 增加对紫外线辐射的敏感性，因为在 积累各种紫外吸收类黄酮。具体而言，目标 是让MBRS的学生参与这两种方法， 根据他们的兴趣、技能和职业目标， 以下项目：1.为了确定紫外线吸收剂的身份， 紫外线敏感突变体中缺少的类黄酮。2.以确定 类黄酮生物合成途径中的酶活性已经被 在突变体中受阻。3.将受影响的基因定位到 特定的染色体定位。4.分析不同的参数， 控制紫外线诱导的类黄酮水平的增加，特别是关于 紫外线信号的质量。5.开始第二种方法来定义 其他抗紫外线基因因为我的西班牙裔背景和经验， 和科学兴趣，我觉得我可以有效地引导和激励 少数民族学生成为认真参与研究;成功 完成他们的项目，并认真考虑追求职业生涯， 生物医学研究