RELATION OF VALUES AND GOALS TO MENTAL HEALTH

最近的研究表明，有强烈的相对愿望， 对于外在结果（例如，财富、名誉和形象）和/或拥有 一个人可以实现外在愿望的强烈相对信念， 与心理健康指标呈负相关。与此相反， 更加重视内在愿望（例如，有意义 关系、个人成长和社区贡献）和/或 相对于内在的愿望具有强烈的相对功效 与心理健康指标呈正相关。 最后，初步证据表明，控制，不参与 养育子女与发展强烈的愿望有关， 经济上的成功（一种外在的愿望），而自主权- 支持性的，参与式的养育与以下发展相关： 对有意义的人际关系、个人 增长和社区贡献。 我们建议将这一关于生活愿望的初步研究扩展到 一套两个项目，将：跟踪个人超过两年， 探索他们的愿望如何随着他们的生活而变化 情况发生变化;提供更严格的证据， 各种因素的相对重要性的发展前因 愿望;探索愿望和两者之间的关系 短期的努力和日常活动，因为他们影响 心理健康;并探讨对个人的福祉的影响， 他们的愿望之间的一致性（与不一致性）， 文化价值观 拟议的工作联系起来的动机理论的各种心理 健康成果。因此，它可能具有相当大的意义， 制定预防和改善心理健康的战略， 问题

Recent research has revealed that having strong relative aspirations for extrinsic outcomes (e.g., wealth, fame, and image) and/or having strong relative beliefs that one can attain extrinsic aspirations were negatively associated with mental health indicators. In contrast, placing more importance on intrinsic aspirations (e.g., meaningful relationships, personal growth, and community contributions) and/or having strong relative efficacy in relation to intrinsic aspirations were found to be positively associated with mental health indicators. Finally, initial evidence suggests that controlling, uninvolved parenting is associated with the development of strong aspirations for financial success (an extrinsic aspiration), whereas autonomy- supportive, involved parenting is associated with the development of stronger intrinsic aspirations for meaningful relationships, personal growth, and community contributions. We propose to extend this initial research on life aspirations with a set of two projects that will: follow individuals over a two-year period to explore how their aspirations change as their life circumstances change; provide more rigorous evidence about the developmental antecedents of the relative importance of various aspirations; explore the relation between aspirations and both shorter-term strivings and on going daily activities as they influence mental health; and explore the effects on individuals' well being of congruence (versus noncongruence) between their aspirations and cultural values. The proposed work links a theory of motivation to a variety of mental health outcomes. As such, it could be of considerable significance for developing strategies to prevent and ameliorate psychological problems.