RELATION OF VALUES AND GOALS TO MENTAL HEALTH

最近的研究表明，拥有强烈的相对抱负 对于外在结果(例如，财富、名望和形象)和/或拥有 一个人可以实现外在抱负的强烈相对信念是 与心理健康指标呈负相关。相比之下， 更加重视内在的愿望(例如，有意义的 关系、个人成长和社区贡献)和/或 相对内在愿望有很强的相对效力的 被发现与精神健康指标呈正相关。 最后，初步证据表明，控制性的、不参与的 养育子女与培养出强烈的 经济上的成功(一种外在的愿望)，而自主权-- 支持性的、参与式的育儿方式与儿童 更强烈的对有意义的关系、个人关系的内在渴望 增长和社区贡献。 我们建议将这项关于生活愿望的初步研究扩展到 一套两个项目将：跟踪个人超过两年 探索他们的抱负是如何随着他们的生活而改变的 情况发生变化；提供更严格的证据 不同类型儿童相对重要性的发展影响因素 渴望；探索渴望和两者之间的关系 较短期的奋斗和日常活动，因为它们影响 心理健康；并探讨对个人福祉的影响 他们的愿望和愿望之间的一致性(与非一致性) 文化价值观。 这项拟议中的工作将动机理论与各种心理因素联系起来。 健康结果。因此，它可能具有相当大的意义 制定预防和改善心理问题的策略 有问题。

Recent research has revealed that having strong relative aspirations for extrinsic outcomes (e.g., wealth, fame, and image) and/or having strong relative beliefs that one can attain extrinsic aspirations were negatively associated with mental health indicators. In contrast, placing more importance on intrinsic aspirations (e.g., meaningful relationships, personal growth, and community contributions) and/or having strong relative efficacy in relation to intrinsic aspirations were found to be positively associated with mental health indicators. Finally, initial evidence suggests that controlling, uninvolved parenting is associated with the development of strong aspirations for financial success (an extrinsic aspiration), whereas autonomy- supportive, involved parenting is associated with the development of stronger intrinsic aspirations for meaningful relationships, personal growth, and community contributions. We propose to extend this initial research on life aspirations with a set of two projects that will: follow individuals over a two-year period to explore how their aspirations change as their life circumstances change; provide more rigorous evidence about the developmental antecedents of the relative importance of various aspirations; explore the relation between aspirations and both shorter-term strivings and on going daily activities as they influence mental health; and explore the effects on individuals' well being of congruence (versus noncongruence) between their aspirations and cultural values. The proposed work links a theory of motivation to a variety of mental health outcomes. As such, it could be of considerable significance for developing strategies to prevent and ameliorate psychological problems.