DYNAMIC POSTUROGRAPHY AND FAMILIAL HISTORY OF ALCOHOLISM

动态姿势学和酗酒家族史

• 批准号: 2389902
• 负责人: JOHN W ROHRBAUGH
• 金额: $ 19.49万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2389902
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; balance; biomarker; disease /disorder proneness /risk; eye movements; family genetics; human subject; middle childhood (6-11); posture; vestibuloocular reflex; young adult human (21-34)

Although it has been established that the offspring of alcoholics are themselves at increased risk for alcoholism, there is a lack of accepted markers of that risk. The proposed research will investigate the hypothesis that measures of postural steadiness provide a marker, and in addition will investigate the specific effects of acute and chronic alcohol consumption on balance mechanisms. Postural control will be studied using a dynamic posturography instrument (EquiTest, Neurocom Int.) which provides for systematic challenges to balance. This instrument will offer significant advantages over the methods that have been used in prior studies, which have consisted of measures of static ataxia rather than dynamic balance control mechanisms. The instrument measures the contributions of the visual, proprioceptive and vestibular systems to balance, and also measures motor righting responses elicited by perturbations of the platform surface. Convergent information regarding vestibular function will be obtained from a comprehensive battery of measures of oculomotor function, including positional and gaze nystagmus, optokinetic response, and pursuit and saccadic movements. Measures of postural control and eye movements will be studied in four experiments involving different groups of subjects. Subjects will be drawn from an on- going study of the genetics of alcoholism (Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism), which provides for systematic ascertainment and assessment procedures. Experiment 1 will study preadolescent children of both sexes, with subject groups stratified according to familial density of alcoholism (and presumed accompanying risk). It is hypothesized that the children of alcoholics will show balance impairments, due in part to an over-reliance on visual sensations, and that these impairments will be in proportion to the familial density of alcoholism. Experiment 2 will investigate the dose-related effects of acute alcohol on posturographic and ocular motility measures, in young adult social drinkers. Experiment 3 will investigate the effects of alcohol challenge doses in groups of nonalcoholic male and female subjects formed on the basis of familial density of alcoholism and current levels of consumption. It is hypothesized that alcohol will exacerbate existing balance deficits in the offspring of alcoholics. Experiment 4 will study abstinent male and female chronic alcoholics, as a function of familial history, and age-matched control subjects. It is hypothesized that the postural control abilities of alcoholics will reflect the combined effects of familial and consumption histories. In all experiments the measures will yield evidence regarding the specific mechanisms involved in control of balance and the effects associated with alcohol.

虽然已经确定酗酒者的后代 他们自己酗酒的风险增加，缺乏公认的 这种风险的标志。拟议的研究将调查 假设姿势稳定性的测量提供了一个标记， 此外，还将研究急性和慢性 酒精消耗平衡机制。姿势控制将是 使用动态姿势描记仪（EquiTest，Neurocom Int.） 这给平衡带来了系统性的挑战。该工具将 提供了优于现有技术中使用的方法的显著优点 研究，其中包括静态共济失调的措施，而不是 动态平衡控制机制该仪器测量 视觉、本体感受和前庭系统对 平衡，并测量运动引起的翻正反应， 平台表面的扰动。关于以下方面的趋同信息 前庭功能将从一个全面的电池获得， 眼功能的测量，包括位置性和凝视性眼球震颤， 视动反应、追踪和扫视运动。措施 姿势控制和眼球运动将在四个实验中进行研究 涉及不同的研究对象受试者将从- 正在进行的酗酒遗传学研究（ 酒精中毒的遗传学），它提供了系统的确定和 评估程序。实验1将研究青春期前的儿童， 男女，受试者组根据家庭密度分层 酒精中毒（以及推定的伴随风险）。它是假设 酗酒者的孩子会表现出平衡障碍，部分原因是 过度依赖视觉，这些障碍将是 与酗酒的家庭密度成比例。实验2将 研究急性酒精对姿势图的剂量相关影响 和眼能动性的措施，在年轻的成年社会饮酒者。实验 3将研究酒精激发剂量对以下人群的影响： 非酒精性男性和女性受试者形成的基础上，家庭 酒精中毒的密度和目前的消费水平。是 假设酒精会加剧现有的平衡赤字， 酗酒者的后代实验4将研究禁欲的男性和女性 慢性酗酒者，作为家族史的函数， 控制对象。据推测，姿势控制能力 酗酒者将反映家庭和 消费历史在所有的实验中，这些措施将产生证据， 关于控制平衡的具体机制， 与酒精有关的影响。