SMALL TOWN IDU NETWORKS AND HIV--TRANSITION DYNAMICS

小镇注射吸毒者网络和艾滋病毒——转变动态

• 批准号: 2013407
• 负责人: ROBERT TALBOT TROTTER
• 金额: $ 43.86万
• 依托单位: NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-15 至 1998-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2013407
• 关键词: HIV infections; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; communicable disease transmission; crack cocaine; culture; epidemiology; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; interview; intravenous drug abuse; mathematical model; model design /development; needle sharing; prostitution; rural area; sex behavior; social group process; social support network; sociometry

The characteristics of small towns and semi-rural areas lend themselves well to investigations of the network characteristics of active, not-in- treatment drug users, and the relationship of drug user network structure to HIV transmission through drug related (injection and sexual) risk behavior. This project will allow us to 1) identify the relationships between drug user network structure and HIV risks, 2) identify the relationships between structure and risk over time, and then 3) identify the relationships between structure and risk over time in relation in HIV transmission. Thr proposed project is both a stand alone R01, and one half of a two site IRPG. The IPRG elements will allow us to 1) compare small town and urban differences in network structure and risk, 2) explore network typology systems and risk, 3) identify the effects of HIV positives and illness on network structure, 4) allow transmission model building, and 5) allow us to evaluate methods for the rapid assessment of network structure on HIV risk. Pooling data form both projects will allow us to also examine two different points of the HIV seroprevalence continuum. We will both cross-cultural and intracultural comparisons of the drug and sexual practices (risk profiles), and the proportions of uniplex and multiplex relationships within networks (including measures of centrality and connected components). We will describe and compare the drug network typologies found in small town and urban cultural groups. (This analysis will be based on typologies previously described among networks of drug users in Flagstaff AZ.) And we will assess the degree to which the presence of known HIV positive persons and HIV related illness changes the structure of drug user networks, and the potential for HIV transmission. The data will allow us to furnish estimates for assortative and disassortative mixing within the populations studied, which can be used to develop a predictive model for potential HIV transmission. We hypothesize that 1) the network structure of drug users will vary along the HIV-prevalence spectrum.. Specifically, HIV-positive persons become more central in networks as prevalence increases; 2) network stability represents a barrier to the spread of HIV-infection 3) Persons from a given network recruited early in the study are likely to be more central in their network; 4) In an area of moderate HIV-prevalence, a small number of respondents will provide accurate information about network structure. In areas of low prevalence, more extensive sampling is required, and 5) The cultural composition of a drug-using network will be an important factor in facilitating (or inhibiting) viral transmission. Specifically, if cultural features of a network inhibit interaction with other groups, the likelihood of transmission is diminished.

小镇和半农村地区的特征借出了自己 很好地调查了主动，不在的网络特征 治疗吸毒者以及药物用户网络结构的关系 通过药物相关（注射和性）风险传播艾滋病毒 行为。 该项目将允许我们到1）确定关系 在药物用户网络结构和艾滋病毒风险之间，2）确定 随着时间的流逝，结构与风险之间的关系，然后3）确定 在艾滋病毒中，结构与随着时间的关系的风险之间的关系 传播。 提议的项目既是一个独立的R01，又是一半 一个两个地点IRPG。 IPRG元素将允许我们到1）比较小 城镇和城市网络结构和风险的差异，2）探索 网络类型学系统和风险，3）确定艾滋病毒的影响 网络结构的阳性和疾病，4）允许传输模型 建筑物，以及5）允许我们评估快速评估的方法 艾滋病毒风险的网络结构。 汇总数据表格两个项目都将允许 我们还检查HIV血清阳性的两个不同点 连续。 我们将跨越文化和文化内部比较 毒品和性行为（风险概况）以及 网络内的单流型和多路复用关系（包括 中心性和连接组件）。 我们将描述和比较 在小镇和城市文化群体中发现的药物网络类型。 （该分析将基于先前描述的类型 亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫的吸毒者网络。）我们将评估该学位 存在已知的艾滋病毒阳性人和艾滋病毒相关疾病的存在 改变药物用户网络的结构和艾滋病毒的潜力 传播。 数据将使我们能够提供分类的估计 并在所研究的种群中进行拆卸的混合，可以使用 为潜在的HIV传播开发预测模型。 我们 假设1）吸毒者的网络结构会随着 艾滋病毒的阳离子频谱。具体而言，艾滋病毒阳性的人成为 随着流行率的增加，网络中的核心更为中心； 2）网络稳定性 代表艾滋病毒感染传播的障碍3） 鉴于在研究早期招募的网络可能更重要 他们的网络； 4）在中等艾滋病毒的领域，少数 受访者将提供有关网络结构的准确信息。 在 患病率低，需要更广泛的采样，5） 吸毒网络的文化组成将是一个重要因素 促进（或抑制）病毒传播。 具体而言，如果文化 网络的特征抑制与其他组的相互作用，可能性 传输的减少。