REPORTING ADL AND IADL DEFICIT IN THE HRS--AHEAD

拟议的试点项目响应了关于“健康， 工作和退休。“它将研究涉及到的认知过程 针对健康与退休计划中的调查项目， 研究-最年长者的资产和健康动态（HRS- AHEAD）。 虽然功能状态指标对于 对未来健康变化的预测得到了很好的证明，但知之甚少 关于老年人如何评估他们的功能状态， 也就是说，当偶尔遇到困难或可能遇到困难时， 任务的一个组成部分引导回答者考虑该任务 “困难”在调查中。 估计程序可能因 任务类型，并根据受访者的特点，如 教育程度、种族-民族和认知状态。 为了研究这些问题，我们建议（1）将ADL/IADL字段化 在180名受访者的样本中， 目前在一个多文化的人口为基础的样本 （北方曼哈顿老龄化项目）;（2）吸引同时开放- 结束口头协议，从受访者的每一个任务，以检查 可能影响自我报告的困难或需要帮助的因素 功能性任务;（3）测试一个认知模型， 自我报告的功能性任务难度的变化。 我们 假设任务不规则地执行（没有固定的 周期性），如使用电话或处理金钱，将需要 不同的认知策略在受访者自我报告比更多 定期执行的任务（例如服药、穿衣或 洗澡）。 任务的修改范围不同 或完成的检索策略也可能不同， 困难的判断。这种差异可能与 自我报告的准确性。 为了评估后者，我们将比较HRS- AHEAD调查报告每个任务的困难/需要帮助， 在前一天报告的活动，如在24小时内引起的 预算

The proposed pilot addresses the call for projects regarding "Health, Work, and Retirement." It will examine cognitive processes involved in response to survey items included in the Health and Retirement Study--Assets and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old (HRS- AHEAD). While the importance of functional status indicators for prediction of future health change is well demonstrated, less is known about the ways older adults actually estimate their functional status, i.e., when occasional difficulty or perhaps difficulty with some component of a task leads a respondent to consider the task "difficult" in a survey context. Estimation procedures may vary by task type and also according to features of respondents, such as educational attainment, race-ethnicity, and cognitive status. To examine these issues, we propose to (1) Field the ADL/IADL items included in the HRS-AHEAD in a sample of 180 respondents currently followed in a multicultural population-based sample (Northern Manhattan Aging Project); (2) Elicit concurrent opened- ended verbal protocols from respondents for each task to examine factors that may affect self-reported difficulty or need for help with functional tasks; and (3) Test a cognitive model that may account for variation in self-reported difficulty with functional tasks. We hypothesize that tasks performed irregularly (without a fixed periodicity), such as using the telephone or handling money, will entail different cognitive strategies in respondent self-reports than more regularly performed tasks (such as taking medications, dressing, or bathing). Tasks differing in the extent to which they can be modified or variably accomplished may also differ in retrieval strategies used for judgments of difficulty. This difference may be relevant for the accuracy of self-reports. To assess the latter, we will compare HRS- AHEAD survey reports of difficulty/need for help in each task to self- reported activity over the prior day, as elicited in a 24-hour time budget.