AIRWAY AREA BY ACOUSTIC REFLECTOMETRY

通过声学反射法测定气道面积

• 批准号: 2435966
• 负责人: GARY M GLASS
• 金额: $ 38.12万
• 依托单位: E. BENSON HOOD LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-06-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2435966
• 关键词: biomedical equipment development; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; computer program /software; computer system design /evaluation; diagnosis design /evaluation; human subject; noninvasive diagnosis; reflection spectrometry; respiratory airflow disorder; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory disorder diagnosis; respiratory imaging /visualization; sound

This Phase II application deals with non-invasive acoustic imaging of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. Images of cross sectional area of the airway lumen as a function of axial distance along the airway are reconstructed from amplitudes and arrival times of acoustic returns measured at the airway opening. Although this imaging technology has been shown to be accurate, to require little or no subject cooperation, and to have important research applications, it has been too complicated to be used as a practical screening tool because it required the use of gas mixtures with high acoustic wavespeed, such as 20% 02-80% He. as a result of a fundamental acoustical constraint. In Phase I we established the feasibility of a new technical approach that circumvents that constraint, thereby simplifying the technology and allowing it to be employed using ordinary room air as the acoustic propagation medium. We established also in Phase I the feasibility of combining this technology with the simultaneous measurement of respiratory flows. Our aims for Phase II are. 1) to implement and refine the new technology and 2) to validate its utility as a screening tool. In Phase Il we focus this technology on two clinical circumstances that result in significant adverse outcomes with high prevalence: endotracheal intubation failure and obstructive sleep apnea. These circumstances were selected because the societal impact of the technology is expected to be immediate and because the associated commercial potential is thought to be large. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS Noninvasive imaging of extent and locus of airways obstruction. Established diagnostic applications include: reactive airways disease, asthma, disorders of airway growth, tracheal stenosis, obstructive sleep apnea. Potential diagnostic applications include indication for surgery and post- surgical evaluation in velopharyngeal incompetence. obstructive sleep apnea. vocal cord dysfunction. tracheal stenosis, tracheal reconstruction, preoperative assessment of difficult intubation.

第二阶段的应用涉及非侵入性声学成像 口咽、下咽和喉。十字架图像 作为轴向距离的函数的气道腔的截面积 沿着气道的信号从振幅和到达重建 在气道开口处测量的声回波时间。虽然 这种成像技术已经被证明是准确的， 很少或没有学科合作，并有重要的研究 应用程序，它太复杂了，不能作为一个实用的 筛选工具，因为它需要使用气体混合物， 高声波速度，例如20%02 - 80%He。的结果 基本的声学限制。在第一阶段，我们建立了 一种新的技术方法的可行性， 限制，从而简化了技术，并允许它 使用普通室内空气作为声传播 介质我们还在第一阶段确定了合并的可行性 这项技术同时测量呼吸 流动。第二阶段的目标是。1)实施和完善 新技术和2）验证其作为筛选工具的实用性。 在第二阶段，我们将这项技术集中在两种临床情况下 导致严重不良后果的高患病率： 气管插管失败和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。这些 之所以选择这种情况，是因为 技术预计将是直接的，因为相关的 商业潜力被认为是巨大的。 拟议的商业应用范围和范围的非侵入性成像 气道阻塞部位。已建立的诊断应用程序 包括：反应性气道疾病、哮喘、气道疾病 气管狭窄阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停潜在 诊断应用包括手术和术后适应症， 下咽闭锁不全手术疗效评价阻塞性 睡眠呼吸暂停声带功能障碍气管狭窄，气管 重建、插管困难的术前评估。