APPRAISAL-DISRUPTION MODEL OF ALCOHOL AND STRESS

酒精和压力的评估破坏模型

• 批准号: 2633275
• 负责人: MICHAEL Andrew SAYETTE
• 金额: $ 10.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2633275
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; cognition; disease /disorder proneness /risk; family genetics; human subject; psychological models; psychological stressor; psychophysiology

The primary purposes of this FIRST application are: (a) to test mechanisms of alcohol's effects on social anxiety in men and women within the framework of the appraisal-disruption model, and (b) to determine whether there is an association among risk for alcoholism, sensitivity to the disruption of cognitive appraisal processes, and stress response dampening effects of alcohol. Subjects at high and low risk for alcoholism, based on family history of the disorder, will consume an alcoholic (.8 g/kg alcohol men;.7 g/kg women) or a placebo beverage, either before or after receiving stressful information. Subjects will be tested for cognitive deficits in both attentive (limited-capacity) and automatic processing. Stress response dampening (SRD) will be assessed using a multidimensional approach comprising subjective, psychophysiological, and behavior- expressive response systems. It is predicted that SRD effects of alcohol will be strongest when intoxication precedes the presentation of stressful information. Anxiolytic effects are predicted to correlate positively with disruption of cognitive appraisal processes. Specifically, alcohol is expected to disrupt the appraisal of new information by constraining the spread of activation to associated information in long-term memory. Moreover, subjects with a parental history of alcoholism are predicted to have greater cognitive impairment and stronger stress response dampening than subjects without such a family history. Investigation of both automatic and attentive cognitive processes will further understanding of the effects of alcohol on cognition per se. Identifying the relationship between disruption of cognitive processing and stress response dampening will elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the reinforcing effects of alcohol, and will help to integrate a large and inconsistent literature on alcohol-stress interactions. This research will advance knowledge of individual differences in the stress response dampening effects of alcohol, and will significantly increase understanding of the determinants of drinking patterns and alcohol abuse.

这个FIRST应用程序的主要目的是：(a)测试机制

项目成果

Parental alcoholism and the effects of alcohol on mediated semantic priming.

父母酗酒和酒精对介导语义启动的影响。

• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology.
• 作者: Sayette,MA;Martin,CS;Perrott,MA;Wertz,JM
• 通讯作者: Wertz,JM

Development of a brief measure of semantic priming.

开发语义启动的简短测量方法。

• DOI: 10.1080/01688639608408291
• 发表时间: 1996
• 期刊: Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Sayette,MA;Hufford,MR;Thorson,GM
• 通讯作者: Thorson,GM

Effects of assessment frequency on subjective intoxication ratings after alcohol consumption.

评估频率对饮酒后主观中毒评级的影响。

• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.
• 作者: Sayette,MA;Martin,CS;Perrott,MA
• 通讯作者: Perrott,MA

Effects of cue exposure and deprivation on cognitive resources in smokers.

提示暴露和剥夺对吸烟者认知资源的影响。

• DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.103.4.812
• 发表时间: 1994
• 期刊: Journal of abnormal psychology
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Sayette,MA;Hufford,MR
• 通讯作者: Hufford,MR

Implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions.

与酒精相关的内隐和外显认知。

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.
• 作者: Wiers,ReinoutW;Stacy,AlanW;Ames,SusanL;Noll,JaneA;Sayette,MichaelA;Zack,Martin;Krank,Marvin
• 通讯作者: Krank,Marvin