T CELL MEMORY TO RESPIRATORY VIRUSES

呼吸道病毒感染是老年人的主要问题， 年轻，是免疫功能低下移植或 癌症患者。 在这方面，实际挑战是发展 更好的疫苗和增强的机制， 构成免疫记忆的细胞群。 的正面 这个问题是希望破坏先前抗原 例如，在使用病毒载体系统进行基因治疗时， 囊性纤维化 这两套方法的一个潜在困难是， 免疫记忆一般来说还不太清楚 的 对记忆的实验性解剖在技术上要求很高， 经常缺乏分析方法， 争议和困惑。 许多关于非病毒系统的研究 价值有限，因为实验是用表型- 未知抗原特异性的显著淋巴细胞群。 相当大 因此已经努力开发小鼠模型用于定量， T细胞对1型副流感病毒记忆的功能分析 （仙台）和甲型流感病毒。 目的是利用这些 为进一步澄清实验系统的建立， 病毒特异性CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞记忆的维持和回忆阶段。 注意力将被给予事件的相对重要性， 抗原的克隆型T细胞受体，以及可能的后果 并发感染和更多生理介导的过程 与维持T细胞总库的稳态有关， 淋巴细胞 这些实验将不可避免地导致更好的理解 T细胞记忆的本质，并帮助提供新的见解， 疫苗开发和可能的治疗。

Respiratory virus infections ar a major problem for the aged, the very young, and a common complicating factor in immunocompromised transplant or cancer patients. In this context, the practical challenges are to develop better vaccines and enhanced mechanisms for maintaining and manipulating the cell populations that comprise immunological memory. The obverse of this problem is the desire to subvert the consequences of prior antigen priming in, for example, the use of virus-vector systems for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis. An underlying difficulty for both sets of approaches is that immunological memory is, in general, poorly understood. The experimental dissection of memory is technically demanding, rigorous analytical approaches have often been lacking, and there is substantial controversy and confusion. Many of the studies with non-viral systems are of limited value, as the experiments have been done with phenotypically- marked lymphocyte populations of unknown antigen specificity. Considerable effort has thus been made to develop mouse models for the quantitative, functional analysis of T cell memory to a parainfluenza type 1 virus (Sendai) and to the influenza A viruses. The intention is to use these experimental systems for the further clarification of the establishment, maintenance and recall phase of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory. Attention will be given to the relative significance of events driven via the clonotypic T cell receptor for antigen, and the possible consequences of both intercurrent infections and more physiologically-mediated processes associated with the maintenance of homeostasis in the total pool of T lymphocytes. The experiments will inevitably lead to better understanding of the nature of T cell memory, and help provide novel insights for both vaccine development and possible therapy.