T CELL MEMORY TO RESPIRATORY VIRUSES

呼吸道病毒感染是老年人的主要问题， 年轻，并且是免疫功能受损的移植或 癌症患者。在这方面，实际的挑战是发展 更好的疫苗和增强的维护和操作机制 构成免疫记忆的细胞群。的正面 这个问题是想要颠覆先前抗原的后果。 例如，利用病毒载体系统进行基因治疗 囊性纤维症。这两种方法都存在潜在的困难 就是免疫记忆，总的来说，人们知之甚少。这个 对内存的实验解剖在技术上要求很高，很严格 分析方法往往是缺乏的，而且有大量的 争议和困惑。许多关于非病毒系统的研究都是 价值有限，因为实验是用典型的- 抗原特异性未知的标记淋巴细胞群。相当可观 因此，已经做出了努力来开发定量的、 副流感1型病毒的T细胞记忆功能分析 (仙台)和甲型流感病毒。我们的目的是使用这些 进一步明确机构设置的试点制度， 病毒特异性的CD4和CD8 T细胞记忆的维持和回忆阶段。 将关注通过以下方式驱动的事件的相对重要性 抗原的克隆型T细胞受体及其可能的后果 既有并发感染又有更多的生理调节过程 与维持T细胞总库的动态平衡有关 淋巴细胞。这些实验将不可避免地导致更好的理解 T细胞记忆的本质，并有助于为两者提供新的见解 疫苗开发和可能的治疗方法。

Respiratory virus infections ar a major problem for the aged, the very young, and a common complicating factor in immunocompromised transplant or cancer patients. In this context, the practical challenges are to develop better vaccines and enhanced mechanisms for maintaining and manipulating the cell populations that comprise immunological memory. The obverse of this problem is the desire to subvert the consequences of prior antigen priming in, for example, the use of virus-vector systems for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis. An underlying difficulty for both sets of approaches is that immunological memory is, in general, poorly understood. The experimental dissection of memory is technically demanding, rigorous analytical approaches have often been lacking, and there is substantial controversy and confusion. Many of the studies with non-viral systems are of limited value, as the experiments have been done with phenotypically- marked lymphocyte populations of unknown antigen specificity. Considerable effort has thus been made to develop mouse models for the quantitative, functional analysis of T cell memory to a parainfluenza type 1 virus (Sendai) and to the influenza A viruses. The intention is to use these experimental systems for the further clarification of the establishment, maintenance and recall phase of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory. Attention will be given to the relative significance of events driven via the clonotypic T cell receptor for antigen, and the possible consequences of both intercurrent infections and more physiologically-mediated processes associated with the maintenance of homeostasis in the total pool of T lymphocytes. The experiments will inevitably lead to better understanding of the nature of T cell memory, and help provide novel insights for both vaccine development and possible therapy.