BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN OF POLISH ANCESTRY

波兰妇女的乳腺癌发病率（BC）是波兰妇女的三分之一。 美国妇女（1990年按年龄调整的每100 000人比率;华沙市37;华沙 农村18; 1985 - 1989;美国白人94）。 然而，最近对波兰语的研究 移民到西部的移民显示，BC省移民的死亡率与 东道国的死亡率（标准化死亡率91（美国），100 （澳大利亚）和97（英格兰和威尔士）。 没有其他移民人口 转变如此迅速 表达这一点所需的时间很短 BC风险的变化涉及可改变的环境因素， 风险的重要决定因素。 为了评估这些因素的作用， 来源地和目的地的特点，习惯的改变， 这些变化发生的时间以及个体的特征 影响BC风险的因素，必须进行评估。 我们建议进行两项平行的、基于人群的病例对照研究 两个人群中20 - 74岁的BC事件病例：1）波兰出生 居住在库克县的移民（378例病例和378例对照）， 底特律大都会区和2）波兰本地人，（500例和500 控制）居住在华沙市。 我们假设，通常和过去的饮食成分是相关的， BC风险 我们假设，在调整了既定的风险后， 因素BC风险将增加：（1）减少摄入特定的 食物种类（如十字花科蔬菜，泡菜，根茎类蔬菜， 全麦面包和其他谷物），因此：2）减少摄入量 植物化学物质（如glucobrassicins，类胡萝卜素，类黄酮， 抗氧化剂）和膳食纤维;以及3）增加肉类，肉类 产品和膳食脂肪;和4）膳食之间的相互作用 以上1 - 3项中的成分。 在三个点评估膳食摄入量 在生活中（1980年代后期，月经前期，绝经前）将提供洞察力 是否存在饮食因素改变BC风险的关键年龄。 这项研究汇集了不列颠哥伦比亚省研究的不同领域（营养， 流行病学、移民引起的风险变化） BC死亡率相差3倍的人群， 对营养风险因素及其影响的批判性理解 BC病因学的影响。 研究团队经验丰富 在进行流行病学研究和独特的访问这些 人口。 拟议的研究将审查新兴和 建立了BC的风险因素及其相互作用。 因此，结果 这项研究的结果应该有助于澄清饮食的模棱两可的发现， 脂肪，并将有助于了解特定蔬菜的作用， 植物化学物质在降低BC风险方面发挥作用，对BC有明显的影响 预防

Polish women experience breast cancer incidence (BC) one third that of U.S. women (age-adjusted rates per 100,000 in 1990; Warsaw City 37; Warsaw Rural 18; and in 1985-9; U.S. whites 94). Yet, recent studies of Polish immigrants to the West showed BC mortality rates for immigrants similar to the rates of the host county (standardized mortality ratios 91 (US), 100 (Australia), and 97 (England and Wales). No other population of migrants has shown so rapid a transition. The short time needed to express this changing risk for BC implicates modifiable environmental factors as significant determinants of risk. To evaluate the role of these factors, characteristics of place of origin and destination, change in habits, and when these changes occurred, as well as the individual's characteristics that influence BC risk, must be assessed. We propose to conduct two parallel, population-based case control studies of 20-74 years old incident BC cases in two populations: 1) Polish-born Immigrants, (378 cases and 378 controls) residing in Cook County and Detroit Metropolitan Area and 2) Polish-native, (500 cases and 500 controls) residing in Warsaw City. We hypothesize that components of both usual and past diet are associated with BC risk. We hypothesize that after adjusting for established risk factors BC risk will be increased by: (1) reduction in intake of specific types of foods (e.g. cruciferous vegetables, sauerkraut, root vegetables, whole grain breads and other cereals), and thus: 2) reduction in intake of phytochemicals (e.g. glucobrassicins, carotenoids, flavonoids, and antioxidants), and dietary fiber; and 3) increase in intake of meat, meat products and dietary fat; and 4) interaction among the dietary constituents in 1-3 above. Assessment of dietary intakes at three points in life (late 1980'S, premenarcheal, premenopausal) will provide insight whether there are key ages when dietary factors alter BC risk. This study brings together disparate areas of BC research (nutrition, epidemiology, changes in risks due to migration) in strategically selected populations with 3 fold difference in BC mortality in order to develop critical understanding of the nutritional risk factors and their implications in BC etiology. The research team has extensive experience in the conduct of epidemiological studies and unique access to these populations. The proposed study will examine the role of emerging and established risk factors for BC and their interactions. Thus, results from this study should help clarify the ambiguous findings for dietary fat, and will contribute to understanding the role specific vegetables and phytochemicals play in lowering BC risk, with clear implications for BC prevention.