BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN OF POLISH ANCESTRY

波兰女性的乳腺癌发病率(BC)是女性的三分之一 美国妇女(1990年年龄调整后每10万人中的比率；华沙市37人；华沙 农村18人；1985-2009年；美国白人94人)。然而，最近对波兰语的研究 移居西方的移民在卑诗省的死亡率与 东道国的死亡率(标准化死亡率91(美国)，100 (澳大利亚)和97(英格兰和威尔士)。没有其他的流动人口 已经显示出如此迅速的转变。表达这一点所需的短暂时间 不列颠哥伦比亚省风险的变化意味着可更改的环境因素 风险的重要决定因素。为了评估这些因素的作用， 来源地和目的地的特点，习惯的改变，以及 这些变化发生的时间，以及个人的特征 对BC风险的影响，必须进行评估。 我们建议进行两项平行的、基于人群的病例对照研究。 两个人群中20-74岁的BC病例：1)波兰出生 移民(378例和378例对照)居住在库克县和 底特律大都市区和2)波兰人，(500例和500例 控制)居住在华沙城。 我们假设，日常饮食和过去饮食的成分是相关的。 冒着卑诗省的风险。我们假设，在对既定风险进行调整后 BC风险因素将通过以下方式增加：(1)减少摄入特定的 食物种类(例如十字花科蔬菜、酸菜、根茎蔬菜、 全麦面包和其他谷物)，因此：2)减少摄入量 植物化学物质(如葡萄糖苷、类胡萝卜素、类黄酮类和 抗氧化剂)和膳食纤维；以及3)增加肉类、肉类的摄入量 产品和膳食脂肪；以及4)膳食之间的相互作用 上述1-3项的成分。从三个方面评估膳食摄入量 在生活中(1980年代末的S，初潮前，绝经前)将提供洞察力 饮食因素是否存在改变BC风险的关键年龄。 这项研究汇集了BC研究的不同领域(营养， 流行病学，移民风险的变化)在战略上选择 BC死亡率相差3倍的种群 批判性地理解营养风险因素及其 不列颠哥伦比亚省病因学的含义。研究团队有丰富的经验 在进行流行病学研究和获得这些信息的独特途径方面 人口。拟议的研究将审查新兴和 已确定的BC风险因素及其相互作用。因此，结果 这项研究应该有助于澄清饮食的模棱两可的发现 脂肪，并将有助于理解蔬菜和 植物化学物质在降低BC风险方面发挥作用，对BC具有明显的影响 预防。

Polish women experience breast cancer incidence (BC) one third that of U.S. women (age-adjusted rates per 100,000 in 1990; Warsaw City 37; Warsaw Rural 18; and in 1985-9; U.S. whites 94). Yet, recent studies of Polish immigrants to the West showed BC mortality rates for immigrants similar to the rates of the host county (standardized mortality ratios 91 (US), 100 (Australia), and 97 (England and Wales). No other population of migrants has shown so rapid a transition. The short time needed to express this changing risk for BC implicates modifiable environmental factors as significant determinants of risk. To evaluate the role of these factors, characteristics of place of origin and destination, change in habits, and when these changes occurred, as well as the individual's characteristics that influence BC risk, must be assessed. We propose to conduct two parallel, population-based case control studies of 20-74 years old incident BC cases in two populations: 1) Polish-born Immigrants, (378 cases and 378 controls) residing in Cook County and Detroit Metropolitan Area and 2) Polish-native, (500 cases and 500 controls) residing in Warsaw City. We hypothesize that components of both usual and past diet are associated with BC risk. We hypothesize that after adjusting for established risk factors BC risk will be increased by: (1) reduction in intake of specific types of foods (e.g. cruciferous vegetables, sauerkraut, root vegetables, whole grain breads and other cereals), and thus: 2) reduction in intake of phytochemicals (e.g. glucobrassicins, carotenoids, flavonoids, and antioxidants), and dietary fiber; and 3) increase in intake of meat, meat products and dietary fat; and 4) interaction among the dietary constituents in 1-3 above. Assessment of dietary intakes at three points in life (late 1980'S, premenarcheal, premenopausal) will provide insight whether there are key ages when dietary factors alter BC risk. This study brings together disparate areas of BC research (nutrition, epidemiology, changes in risks due to migration) in strategically selected populations with 3 fold difference in BC mortality in order to develop critical understanding of the nutritional risk factors and their implications in BC etiology. The research team has extensive experience in the conduct of epidemiological studies and unique access to these populations. The proposed study will examine the role of emerging and established risk factors for BC and their interactions. Thus, results from this study should help clarify the ambiguous findings for dietary fat, and will contribute to understanding the role specific vegetables and phytochemicals play in lowering BC risk, with clear implications for BC prevention.