EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN WOMEN

健康女性对招募的女性心血管疾病的研究 1983-84年，541名年龄在42-50岁之间的绝经前妇女。目标是 这项研究的主要目的是描述风险因素的变化 绝经前、围绝经期和绝经期后的心血管疾病 危险因素改变与生活方式、行为和行为的关系 心理属性、性类固醇激素和胰岛素及其用途 激素替代治疗对危险因素的影响。 大多数女性现在都是绝经后，S在50岁左右。 大约40%的人正在使用激素替代疗法。他们的回应 绝经后第5次检查率约为80%。 我们已经记录了低密度脂蛋白，血液胰岛素， 围术期HDL2c降低及凝血因子变化 绝经后。体重每年大约增加1磅， 即在10年内增加10-12磅，增加腰臀比 为了增加体重。血雌酮水平随体重增加而升高 绝经后。运动量减少与体重增加有关。 更年期的女性并不比其他人更抑郁、焦虑或 比他们的年龄匹配的绝经前对照组或 绝经后妇女服用荷尔蒙。唯一易受感染的亚群 绝经过渡期间的抑郁症是选择使用 荷尔蒙和在基线评估中的自尊心都很低。 我们已经记录了颈动脉斑块的高患病率(57%)和 斑块与基线(绝经前)低密度脂蛋白密切相关， 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、胰岛素等危险因素，血压降至室壁 厚度。 我们建议继续跟进，以确定变化的特征 在风险因素、行为/心理属性中，并确定 危险因素及其变化与动脉粥样硬化的关系 斑块和壁厚。我们将确定以下各项之间的相互关系 性激素和胰岛素引起的生活方式和行为 以及激素水平对动脉粥样硬化的影响。我们将确定 生活方式与测量的体脂量和分布的关系 通过腹部的地塞米松和CT检查。

The Healthy Women Study of cardiovascular disease among women recruited 541 premenopausal women between the ages of 42-50 from 1983-84. The goal of the study has been to describe the changes in risk factors for cardiovascular disease during the pre-, peri- and postmenopause, the relationship of risk factor changes to life-style, behavioral and psychological attributes, sex-steroid hormones and insulin, and the use and effect of hormone replacement therapy on risk factors. Most of the women are now postmenopausal, and in their middle 50's. Approximately 40% are using hormone replacement therapy. The response rate at 5th postmenopausal exam is approximately 80%. We have documented the substantial increase in LDLc, blood insulin, decreased HDL2c, and clotting factor changes during the peri- to postmenopause. There is an approximate one pound per year gain in weight, i.e. 10-12 pounds over 10 years, and increased waist-to-hip ratio related to weight gain. The blood estrone levels increase with weight postmenopausally. Decreased exercise was linked to weight gain. Women who became menopausal were not more depressed, anxious or distressed than their age-matched premenopausal controls or postmenopausal women taking hormones. The only subgroup vulnerable to depression during the menopausal transition were women who elected to use hormones and had low self esteem at baseline evaluation. We have documented a high prevalence of carotid artery plaque (57%) and a strong relationship between plaque and baseline (premenopause) LDLc, HDLc, insulin and other risk factors, and blood pressure to wall thickness. We propose to continue follow-up to determine characteristics of changes in risk factors, behavioral/psychological attributes and to determine the relationship between risk factors, and their changes and atherosclerosis, plaque and wall thickness. We will determine the interrelationship of lifestyle and behavioral attributed to sex-steroid hormones and insulin and the level of hormones to atherosclerosis. We will determine the association of lifestyle to amount and distribution of body fat measured by DEXA and CT of the abdomen.