STEREOTYPIES IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

发育障碍儿童的刻板印象

• 批准号: 2757950
• 负责人: ALAN S UNIS
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-01 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2757950
• 关键词: autism; behavior prediction; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; disease /disorder proneness /risk; human subject; intelligence tests; longitudinal human study; mental disorder diagnosis; mental retardation; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; preschool child (1-5); videotape /videodisc

This project will characterize early rhythmic behaviors from home videotapes of children later diagnosed with autism or mental retardation. It is hypothesized that rhythmic behaviors, which normally occur with high frequency during infancy, are related to later abnormal stereotyped and self-directed behaviors. Stereotypy scores derived from direct observations at 1 and 2 years of age will be compared to similar direct observational measures and global assessments of stereotypy using contemporary measures (e.g. the CARS) obtained at 3-4 years of age. Stereotypy scores in the first and second year of life will also be compared to measures of general cognitive function and performance on specific neurocognitive tests at 3-4 years of age. This study will specifically: (1) characterize the stability of different stereotypic (rhythmic) behaviors at one-year intervals between the ages of one and four years; (2) identify early temporal and topographic characteristics of stereotypic behaviors that are expected to predict the development of later abnormal behaviors; and, (3) determine which features of early stereotypies (intensity, frequency, topography) predict lower cognitive functioning. Stereotyped and self-directed behaviors, seen in many individuals with mental retardation or mental illness, pose serious problems for individual safely, quality of life, and financial costs for care. Despite considerable research aimed toward elimination of these behaviors, the problem continues to be one of the most serious predictors of chronic institutionalization, morbidity and premature death in individuals with developmental disorders. There is neither an understanding of the development of stereotypies and self-directed behaviors nor an ability to predict which individuals within these populations will develop these debilitating behaviors. These studies ultimately aim to identify specific early predictors of self-directed behaviors, thus permitting earlier and informed intervention in high- risk child populations with severe developmental disorders.

该项目将描述早期在家中的节奏行为 后来被诊断患有自闭症或精神病的儿童的录像带 迟缓。 据推测，通常情况下，有节奏的行为 婴儿期发生频率高，与日后异常有关 刻板和自我导向的行为。刻板印象分数源自 1 岁和 2 岁时的直接观察结果将与类似情况进行比较 直接观察措施和对定型观念的全球评估 3-4 岁时获得的当代测量值（例如 CARS）。 第一年和第二年的刻板印象分数也将 与一般认知功能和表现的测量相比 3-4 岁时进行特定的神经认知测试。这项研究将 具体来说：（1）表征不同定型的稳定性 一岁和一岁之间每隔一年的（有节奏的）行为 四年； (2) 识别早期时间和地形特征 预期可以预测发展的刻板行为 后来的异常行为； (3) 确定早期的哪些特征 刻板印象（强度、频率、地形）预测认知能力较低 发挥作用。 刻板和自我导向的行为，见于许多 患有精神障碍或精神疾病的人会造成严重的后果 个人安全、生活质量和财务成本方面的问题 关心。 尽管大量研究旨在消除这些 行为，这个问题仍然是最严重的问题之一 长期住院、发病和早产的预测因素 患有发育障碍的个体死亡。 既没有一个 了解刻板印象和自我导向的发展 行为或预测这些个体中的哪些人的能力 人们将会出现这些使人衰弱的行为。 这些研究 最终目标是确定自我导向的特定早期预测因素 行为，从而允许对高风险人群进行早期和知情的干预 存在严重发育障碍的儿童群体的风险。