Design of Battery Packs for Reuse, Remanufacture and Recycling

随着对全球变暖和车辆排放污染的日益关注，法规和政府政策变得越来越严格。随着这一趋势的发展，越来越多的零排放和低排放车辆正在各个细分市场推出。在乘用车领域，大多数成熟的原始设备制造商已经提供了几种电动和混合动力车型，商用车领域也紧随其后。锂离子电池几乎专门用作这些电动和混合动力车辆的电能存储系统。随着零排放和低排放汽车的加速增长，将在市场上推出大量锂离子电池。在车辆寿命结束时，将存在重大的废物管理挑战，因为锂离子电池在用作垃圾填埋场或暴露于地下水时会造成严重的环境风险。因此，汽车电池组设计的需求将不断增长，这将使可持续的寿命终止过程-再利用，再制造和回收。在本项目中，现有的电池组设计过程将在寿命终止过程的适用性方面进行评估。根据这一评估，将制定新的电池组设计准则，以促进有效的再利用、再制造和回收过程。还将制定使用其他电池化学物质（例如固态）的可持续电池组设计的通用指南，以应对未来潜在的技术转变。使用电池组设计的评估指标，将开发寿命终止影响评估工具，以评估任何给定设计在回收、再利用和再制造方面的适用性。该项目的成果将使原始设备制造商能够在其产品开发周期中使用这些已经开发的可持续电池组设计流程，同时满足寿命终止电池组管理立法要求。该项目将帮助英国走在汽车应用可持续电池组开发的最前沿。

With the growing concern over global warming and pollution from vehicle emissions, regulations and government policies are becoming more stringent. In line with this trend, more and more zero emission and low emission vehicles are being introduced in the market across all segments. In the passenger car segment, most established OEMs are already offering several electric and hybrid models, with the commercial vehicle segment also following the trend. Lithium-ion batteries are almost exclusively used as electrical energy storage system for these electric and hybrid vehicles. With the accelerated growth in uptake of zero and low emission vehicles, a large quantity of lithium-ion batteries will be introduced in the market. At the vehicle end of life, there will be a significant waste management challenge as lithium-ion batteries pose serious environmental risks when used as landfill or exposed to ground water. Consequently, there will be a growing demand of automotive battery pack design which will enables sustainable end of life processes - reuse, remanufacture and recycling.In this project, existing battery pack design processes will be assessed in terms of suitability for end of life processes. Based on this assessment new battery pack design guidelines will be developed to facilitate efficient reuse, remanufacture and recycling processes. Generalised guidelines for sustainable battery pack design using other battery chemistries (e.g. solid state) will also be developed to address potential future technological shifts. Using an assessment metric a battery pack design, an end of life impact assessment tool will be developed to evaluate the suitability of any given design in terms of recycle, reuse and remanufacturing. The project outcomes will enable OEMs to use these already developed sustainable battery pack design process in their product development cycle while meeting end of life battery packs management legislative requirements. This project will help the UK to be at the forefront of the sustainable battery pack development for automotive applications.