PHONATION AND PHONATORY CONTROL IN VOCAL TREMORS

这个项目的总体目标是描述和刺激 发声震颤时的发声控制。工作假说围绕 该项目的组织者提出了嗓音震颤的原因 中枢神经系统相互作用对声带振动的调制 以及控制(或破坏)控制的外围振荡器 声音和语音机制。这个项目关注的是 系统、声带振动和声音产生的控制 周围(喉部)水平。要实现的具体目标 这一时期主要有以下几个方面：1)确定生理基础 喉生物力学在声带震颤产生中的作用 测量喉部肌肉活动、声门下压力和 呼吸运动模式。2)调查外围设备的作用 通过系统调节声带颤动的反射反馈环 通过电刺激喉部肌肉而产生的干扰。3) 用发声的计算机模型模拟发声颤动，使用) 喉部僵硬和声门下声门的假设输入参数 压力，以及b)来自患者的相同的生理输入参数 模型中包含的记录，以及模拟的比较 使用患者数据。 这项培训赠款侧重于获得以下方面的技能和经验 喉部建模和发声仿真。培训将在以下时间进行 肌电信号分析、多通道记录和 用于语音研究、统计和研究设计的仪器。 该项目还将主要面向计算机，并调查 喉部建模领域，相对未被探索的，发声的 病理条件下的对照。理论研究将检验 喉僵硬、声门下压力、相位和 肌肉激活及其对调制(幅度和频率)的影响 声带振荡，并开发反馈回路来模拟 假想的外围振荡器。实验阶段包括 对神经肌肉和呼吸传入喉部的研究。这 有关发声颤动的信息将应用于模型模拟 使用生理信号作为输入模型参数。

The overall goal of this project is to characterize and stimulate the control of phonation in vocal tremor. The working hypothesis around which the project is organized proposes the vocal tremor results from modulation of vocal fold vibration due to an interaction between central and peripheral oscillators that control (or undermine control of) the voice and speech mechanism. This project focuses on one aspect of the system, vocal fold vibration and the control of voice production at a peripheral (laryngeal) level. The specific aims to be accomplished during this period are as follows: 1) Determine the physiological basis for laryngeal biomechanics in production of vocal tremor through measurement of laryngeal muscle activity, subglottal pressure, and respiratory movement patterns. 2) Investigate the role of peripheral reflex feedback loops in vocal tremor modulation through system perturbation via electrical stimulation of laryngeal muscles. 3) Simulate vocal tremor with computer models of phonation, using a) hypothetical input parameters for laryngeal stiffness and subglottal pressure, and b) the same physiological input parameters from patient recordings incorporated into the models, and comparison of simulations with patient data. This training grant focuses on acquisition of skills and experience in laryngeal modeling and phonation simulation. Training will be gained in electromyographic signal analysis, multi-channel recording and instrumentation for speech research, and statistics and research design. The project will also be heavily computer-oriented and investigate an area of laryngeal modeling that is relatively unexplored, phonatory control under pathological conditions. Theoretical studies will examine modulations in laryngeal stiffness, subglottal pressure, phase, and muscle activation, their effects on modulation (amplitude and frequency) of vocal fold oscillation, and develop feedback loops to simulate hypothesized peripheral oscillators. The experimental phase consists of studies of neuromuscular and respiratory input to the larynx. This information about vocal tremor will be applied to model simulations with the use of physiological signals as input model parameters.