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PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DISINHIBITION IN ADOLESCENTS

青少年抑制解除的心理生理学

基本信息

批准号：
2767626
负责人：
Theodore Patrick Beauchaine
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-03-25 至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2767626
关键词：
adolescence (12-20) aggression attention deficit disorder behavioral /social science research tag behavioral extinction clinical research conduct disorder coping electrocardiography galvanic skin response heart function heart rate human subject psychophysiology reinforcer vagus nerve

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): The proposed research will examine differential patterns of electrodermal and cardiac reactivity among conduct-disordered (CD), attention deficit hyperactivity-disordered (ADHD), and control groups of adolescents. Research by Fowles (1980, 1988) and others suggests that electrodermal reactivity during extinction, and heart rate reactivity during reward, represent the functioning of Gray's (1982a, 1982b, 1987a, 1987b) behavioral inhibition (BIS and behavioral activation (BAS) systems, respectively. According to this model, the disinhibition characteristic of both CD and ADHD results from an underactive BIS, an overactive BAS, or both. While deficits in electrodermal reactivity have been demonstrated in both CD and ADHD samples, heart rate is a contaminated measure of the sympathetically-mediated BAS, because it is also determined by parasympathetic input. This is particularly problematic given recent reports of deficits in parasympathetic functioning in CD samples. In the proposed research, electrodermal activity and appropriate measures of both sympathetic (pre-ejection period) and parasympathetic (vagal tone) influences on cardiac functioning will be assessed during reward, extinction, and passive coping. The pattern of results yielded is expected to provide an increment in specificity over Gray's model, with ADHD group exhibiting deficits in sympathetic functioning, and the CD group exhibiting deficits in both sympathetic and parasympathetic functioning compared to controls. This pattern would suggest a modification of Gray's model toward accounting for the aggression that accompanies behavioral disinhibition on CD but not ADHD samples.

描述(改编自申请者摘要)：拟议的研究将检查电真皮和心脏的不同模式行为障碍(CD)、注意力缺陷之间的反应性青少年多动症(ADHD)组和对照组。福尔斯(1980,1988)和其他人的研究表明，电致皮肤灭绝时的反应性和奖励时的心率反应性，代表格雷的功能(1982a、1982b、1987a、1987b) 行为抑制(BIS和行为激活(BAS)系统，分别进行了分析。根据这一模型，去抑制特性 CD和ADHD的原因是BIS活动不足，BAS活动过度，或者两者都有。而电皮肤反应性缺陷一直是在CD和ADHD样本中都表明，心率是受污染的同情调节的BAS的度量，因为它也是由副交感神经输入决定的。这尤其是个问题鉴于最近关于CD的副交感神经功能缺陷的报道样本。在拟议的研究中，皮肤电活动和交感神经(射血期前)和副交感神经(迷走神经张力)对心脏功能的影响将是在奖励、消亡和被动应对过程中进行评估。的模式预计所产生的结果将在特异性方面提供比格雷的模型，ADHD组在交感神经方面表现出缺陷功能，CD组表现出交感神经功能缺陷与对照组相比，副交感神经功能更强。这种模式建议对格雷的模型进行修改，以解释伴随着CD的行为去抑制而不是ADHD的攻击性样本。