PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DISINHIBITION IN ADOLESCENTS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：拟议的研究 将检查皮肤电和心脏电的不同模式 行为障碍（CD）、注意缺陷 多动症（ADHD）和青少年对照组。 Fowles（1980，1988）和其他人的研究表明，皮肤电 消退时的反应性，以及奖励时的心率反应性， Gray's（1982 a，1982 b，1987 a，1987 b） 行为抑制（BIS）和行为激活（BAS）系统， 分别 根据该模型， CD和ADHD都是由BIS不活跃，BAS过度活跃， 或两者 虽然皮肤电反应的缺陷已经被 在CD和ADHD样本中证明，心率是受污染的 测量交感神经介导的BAS，因为它也是 由副交感神经输入决定。 这特别成问题 考虑到最近的报告显示，CD患者的副交感神经功能缺陷 样品 在拟议的研究中，皮肤电活动和 交感神经（射血前期）和 副交感神经（迷走神经张力）对心脏功能的影响将是 在奖励、灭绝和被动应对中进行评估。 的格局 预期产生的结果提供特异性的增加， Gray的模型，ADHD组表现出交感神经功能的缺陷， 功能，和CD组表现出赤字，在两个交感 和副交感神经的功能。 这种模式 建议对格雷的模型进行修改， CD患者的攻击行为伴随行为抑制解除，而ADHD患者则不伴随 样品

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): The proposed research will examine differential patterns of electrodermal and cardiac reactivity among conduct-disordered (CD), attention deficit hyperactivity-disordered (ADHD), and control groups of adolescents. Research by Fowles (1980, 1988) and others suggests that electrodermal reactivity during extinction, and heart rate reactivity during reward, represent the functioning of Gray's (1982a, 1982b, 1987a, 1987b) behavioral inhibition (BIS and behavioral activation (BAS) systems, respectively. According to this model, the disinhibition characteristic of both CD and ADHD results from an underactive BIS, an overactive BAS, or both. While deficits in electrodermal reactivity have been demonstrated in both CD and ADHD samples, heart rate is a contaminated measure of the sympathetically-mediated BAS, because it is also determined by parasympathetic input. This is particularly problematic given recent reports of deficits in parasympathetic functioning in CD samples. In the proposed research, electrodermal activity and appropriate measures of both sympathetic (pre-ejection period) and parasympathetic (vagal tone) influences on cardiac functioning will be assessed during reward, extinction, and passive coping. The pattern of results yielded is expected to provide an increment in specificity over Gray's model, with ADHD group exhibiting deficits in sympathetic functioning, and the CD group exhibiting deficits in both sympathetic and parasympathetic functioning compared to controls. This pattern would suggest a modification of Gray's model toward accounting for the aggression that accompanies behavioral disinhibition on CD but not ADHD samples.