NONINVASIVE HIGH ENERGY PHOSPHATE IMAGING

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：氧化能 新陈代谢对于大多数细胞功能是必不可少的， 收缩和离子运输。磷（31 P）磁共振 磁共振波谱（MRS）在其提供非侵入性进入的能力方面是独特的 关键的HEP代谢物，如三磷酸腺苷（ATP），身体的 必需的能量货币，和磷酸肌酸（PCr），一种关键的能量 保护区在心脏中，临床MRS显示PCr和ATP水平降低， 心肌梗死和缺血期间PCr/ATP比值。这些和其他MRS 在肌肉疾病、癌症和大脑中观察到的异常（例如，中风， 一些痴呆症），突出了改变能量代谢的作用， 疾病状态及其评估治疗反应的潜力。 然而，对HEPs进入深层组织的研究， 光谱分析。为了解决这些关键问题， 研究人员首次证明，人类HEP在 躯干可以通过核奥佛豪泽增强而显著增加 (nOe)法其次，他们分别表明，使用（31）P 相控阵线圈可以大大提高灵敏度和获得PCR， 体内的ATP水平。第三，为了简化MRS分析， 证明了HEP（PCr或PC和ATP）可以直接在 在常氧和缺血条件下，用化学选择性（31）P 核磁共振申请人现在提出将相控阵与nOe组合 技术提供至关重要的灵敏度增益3倍 而对体内HEP的（31）P研究更高。他们进一步提出， HEP的直接化学选择性MRI的组合将在很大程度上 消除了相控阵MRS的分析负担。此外还 提出HEP成像将进一步受益于先验空间 常规质子MRI获取的信息。整合这些 多样化的新技术带来了需要创新的新挑战 解决方案他们的成功整合将创造一个新的生物医学 非侵入性探测人类疾病中能量代谢的研究工具。 因此，申请人首次提出联合收割机， nOe物理技术提供的灵敏度优势， 相控阵工程技术，医学化学选择性磁共振成像 成像和新的科学分析方法来创建HEP成像。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): Oxidative energy metabolism is essential for most cellular function including muscular contraction and ion transport. Phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is unique in its ability to provide non-invasive access to key HEP metabolites such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the body's essential energy currency, and phosphocreatine (PCr), a key energy reserve. In the heart, clinical MRS shows reduced levels of PCr and ATP in infarction, and PCr/ATP ratios during ischemia. These and other MRS abnormalities seen in muscle disease, cancer, and the brain (e.g., stroke, some dementia), highlight the role of altered energy metabolism in common disease states, and its potential for evaluating therapeutic response. However, studies of HEPs access to deep-lying tissue, and the complexity of spectroscopic analysis. To address these critical problems, the investigators first demonstrated that the sensitivity of human HEP in the torso can be significantly increased by nuclear Overhauser enhancement (nOe) technique. Second, they separately showed that the use of (31)P phased-array coils can greatly increase sensitivity and access to PCr and ATP levels in the body. Third, to simplify MRS analysis, it has been demonstrated that HEP (PCr or PC and ATP) can be directly imaged in the body in the normoxic and ischemic conditions with chemical-selective (31)P MRI. The applicants now propose to combined phased-array with nOe technologies to provide critically important sensitivity gains of 3-fold and higher for (31)P studies of HEP in the body. They further propose that the combination of direct chemical-selective MRI of HEP will largely eliminate the analysis burden for MRS with phased-arrays. In addition, it is proposed that HEP imaging will further benefit from a priori spatial information acquired by routine proton MRI. The integration of these diverse new technologies presents new challenges requiring innovate solutions. Success in their integration will create a new biomedical research tool to non-invasively probe energy metabolism in human disease. Thus, the applicants propose to combine, for the first time, the sensitivity advantages provided by the physics technique of nOe with the engineering technique of phased arrays, chemical-selective MRI of medical imaging and new science analysis methods to create HEP imaging.