REMP - Remanufacturing E-Marketplace for a Circular Digital Supply Chain

与传统的原始设备制造商（OEM）新生产相比，再制造可使报废（EOL）产品恢复到类似新的功能状态，并提供相应的保修，从而延长产品使用寿命（200%至300%），从EOL组件中获取剩余价值，并提供上级经济和环境效益。再制造可以在适当的行业减少80%以上的温室气体（GHG）排放，减少类似数量的新材料需求（成本），并通过增加高达120%的熟练劳动力时间创造就业机会\[IRP 2018\]，同时仍然降低整体成本。然而，尽管有这些三赢的好处，英国再制造业仍处于起步阶段，例如，再制造与制造的比例非常低，仅为2%左右（ERN 2015）。此外，近98%的再制造商是中小型企业（SMEs），他们面临着建立品牌的资源不足、获得旧产品（旧产品作为再制造的起始材料）的渠道有限以及接触客户群的销售渠道稀缺等问题。关键是，该行业存在形象问题，客户不信任再制造产品的质量。此外，由于小规模再制造量引起的显著的低效率和过高的成本，再制造往往被放弃，转而采用其他价值较低的报废工艺，如材料回收利用。中小企业从电子市场中获益匪浅。如eBay和亚马逊，它们引入了网络效应，将市场参与者聚集在一起，使越来越多的客户吸引到更大的客户群。商家和合作伙伴的数量，反之亦然。然而，这种EMP并不适用于再制造产品，因为它们没有解决再制造面临的根本问题，即缺乏对再制造产品的质量控制和间歇性访问的核心。我们的项目将首先关注汽车零部件，并将开发一种新的EMP概念，专门针对再制造产品，特别是嵌入质量保证机制的EMP，区块链和数据分析能力，使再制造商能够从插件式、模块化、可扩展的服务中受益，而无需预先为平台业务的全部成本提供资金，并通过平台访问核心、新市场和分销渠道。REMP将为新生的再制造行业带来许多好处：它创造和获取价值沿着供应链，并将利益传递给客户。成功的REMP将通过再制造促进材料可持续使用的增长。

Remanufacturing returns end-of-life (EOL) products to a like-new functional state with matching warranty, thus, extending product service life (200% to 300%), capturing residual value from EOL components and providing superior economic and environmental benefits compared to traditional Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) new production. Remanufacturing can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by more than 80% in appropriate sectors, reduce new material requirements(costs) by a similar amount and create employment through increasing skilled labour hours by up to 120% \[IRP 2018\] while still reducing overall cost.However, despite these triple-win benefits the UK remanufacturing industry is still at its infancy, e.g. the ratio of remanufacturing to manufacturing is strikingly low, only at around 2% (ERN 2015). In addition, almost 98% of remanufacturers are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) \[SIR 2020\] and struggle with inadequate resources to establish their brand, limited access to cores (used products as starting material for remanufacturing) and scarce sales channels to reach their customer base. Crucially the sector has an image problem and customers do not trust the quality of remanufactured products. Furthermore, as a result of significant inefficiencies and inhibitive costs arising from small scale remanufacturing volumes, remanufacture is often abandoned in favour of other lower value end-of-life processes such as recycling of the materials.SMEs have benefited greatly from the Electronic Marketplace Places (EMPs) such as eBay and Amazon which introduce the network effect of bringing together market participants so that increasing numbers of customers to attract a greater number of merchants and partners, and vice versa. However, such EMPs are not suitable for remanufactured products as they do not address the fundamental issue facing remanufacturing, namely a lack of quality control for remanufactured products and intermittent access to cores.With an initial focus on automotive components, our project will develop a new concept of an EMP tailored for remanufactured products specifically one that is embedded with quality assurance mechanisms, blockchain and data analytics capability to enable remanufacturers to benefit from plug-in, modular, scalable services without the constraints of funding the full costs of a platform business up front, and access to cores, new markets and distribution channels via the platform.REMP will bring many benefits to the nascent remanufacturing industry: It creates and captures value along the supply chain and passes the benefits on to customers. A successful REMP will catalyse growth in sustainable use of materials through remanufacturing.