SPINAL CONTROL OF BALANCE IN THE ELDERLY

老年人的脊柱控制平衡

• 批准号: 6029807
• 负责人: DAVID KOCEJA
• 金额: $ 10.53万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-30 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6029807
• 关键词: age difference; balance; clinical research; electromyography; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; neural inhibition; neuromuscular function; posture; spinal reflex; stretch reflex

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Recent interest in the study of aging has produced sufficient evidence to conclude that there are age-related declines in a wide variety of neuromuscular variables. Previous studies from these investigators have indicated that the aging neuromuscular system is characterized by distinct adaptations that may occur in response to a deteriorating neuromuscular apparatus. Current literature suggests an adaptive plasticity at the neuromuscular level in both primates and humans. Specifically, given the appropriate conditioning strategies, humans and primates have been shown to be successful at either increasing or decreasing the gain of the spinal stretch reflex. The purpose of these experiments will be to systematically examine the function of the elderly neuromuscular system with respect to the following: 1) the gain of the H-reflex in young and elderly subjects under varying environmental conditions and how this relates to static and dynamic stability; 2) presynaptic inhibition levels in young and elderly subjects under varying environmental conditions and how this relates to static and dynamic stability; and 3) recurrent inhibition levels in young and elderly subjects under varying environmental conditions and how this relates to static and dynamic stability. Finally, this proposal will investigate interaction of vision and task complexity in mediating these differences. A double stimulation technique will be used to assess presynaptic inhibition and recurrent inhibition in young and elderly subjects in different body postures. The modulation of these spinal parameters in different body postures will be correlated with static and dynamic stability. In the final year of this proposal, short- and long-term intervention programs will be implemented to improve these spinal control parameters and, ultimately, static and dynamic balance in elderly subjects.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：最近对 衰老研究已经提供了足够的证据来得出这样的结论： 多种神经肌肉变量与年龄相关的下降。 以前的 这些研究者的研究表明，衰老的神经肌肉 系统的特点是响应时可能发生不同的适应 恶化的神经肌肉器官。 目前的文献表明 灵长类动物和人类神经肌肉水平的适应性可塑性。 具体来说，只要采取适当的调节策略，人类和 灵长类动物已被证明能够成功地增加或减少 脊髓牵张反射的增益。 这些实验的目的 将系统地检查老年人神经肌肉的功能 系统涉及以下方面： 1) 年轻人 H 反射的增益 和老年受试者在不同的环境条件下以及如何 与静态和动态稳定性有关； 2）突触前抑制水平 不同环境条件下的年轻和老年受试者以及如何 这与静态和动态稳定性有关； 3) 反复抑制 不同环境条件下年轻和老年受试者的水平 以及这与静态和动态稳定性有何关系。 最后，这个 该提案将研究视觉和任务复杂性之间的相互作用 调解这些差异。 将使用双重刺激技术 评估年轻人和老年人的突触前抑制和反复抑制 不同身体姿势的拍摄对象。 这些脊柱的调节 不同身体姿势的参数将与静态和 动态稳定性。 在本提案的最后一年，短期和长期 将实施干预计划以改善这些脊柱控制 参数以及最终老年受试者的静态和动态平衡。