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FORCE-FIELD CONTROL IN SPINAL REFLEXES

脊髓反射中的力场控制

基本信息

批准号：
2873178
负责人：
SIMON F GISZTER
金额：
$ 10.91万
依托单位：
MCP HAHNEMANN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-11-11 至 2001-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The discovery of structural and functional elements of motor behavior is one of the key issues in motor control. It is very likely that he kinds of units available in the spinal cord may constrain athe types and organization of descending controls, intermediate representations and sensorimotor transformations. Recently a new type of unit has been suggested, based on combined physiological and biomechanical data. This unit has been called a 'force- field primitive'. A force-field is a function that maps the forces generated ina the limb to the limb's configuration. The relationship between force-field primitives and other spinal mechanisms is not well understood. Primitives could represent general purpose promotor elements: the site of convergence of signals from descending, pattern generator and coordinating systems.. Alternatively, they could be elements associated exclusively with spina pattern generators. The types of force-field primitives corresponded closely to force-fields that could be measured during wiping, burning and flexion behaviors elicited in spinal frogs. It is thus clearly important to understand how force-field primitives are related to these reflex behaviors. To begin to relate force-field primitive descriptions to spinal pattern generators we propose the following; (1) We will record the kinematics, and electromyographic activity (EMG) of reflex behaviors and using accurate dynamic models we will relate these to the static force-field measurements and their EMGs recorded from tahe same behaviors. The reflex behaviors examined will be wiping, flexion withdrawal and aversive turning movements. (2) To examine interlimb coordination. (3) To address control and modulation of reflexes by descending systems, we will examine athe effects of bulbospinal control of afferents on the force-field structures, the EMGs and the kinematics in the wiping, flexion and turning behaviors. (4) Identified pathways associated with the turn and strike will be stimulated in reduced preparations to examine how these interact with the spinal reflex behaviors. The notion that a small number of 'primitives' may form a large part of the support of spinal behaviors, and, perhaps, descending control, is interesting for the following two reasons; First, it offers hope of a simple experimental understanding of spinal cored function. Second, it suggests that functional recovery from spinal injury may be possible in the future with only limited, but targeted, neural growth and connectivity. The experiments proposed will provide two critical sets of data to test this scheme of the organization of motor behavior; (1) a detailed understanding of the specific roles and organization of the force-field primitives in the known context of spinal behaviors, and (2) a description of how the force-field primitives in the known context of spinal behaviors, and (2) a description of how the force-field primitives used in spinal behaviors interact with de descending control.

运动行为的结构和功能元素的发现是电机控制的关键问题之一。他很可能是这样的脊髓中可用的单位可能会限制类型和降序控制、中间表示和的组织感觉运动转变。最近提出了一种基于组合的新型单元生理和生物力学数据。这个单位被称为“强制” 场原语'。力场是映射力的函数在肢体中根据肢体的配置生成。关系力场原语和其他脊柱机制之间的关系并不好明白了。原语可以代表通用启动子元素：来自下行、模式发生器和信号的汇聚点协调系统..或者，它们可以是相关的元素专门使用脊柱模式生成器。力场的类型原语与可测量的力场密切对应在脊髓蛙中引发的擦拭、燃烧和弯曲行为。它因此，理解力场基元的原理显然很重要与这些反射行为有关。开始将力场原始描述与脊柱模式联系起来发电机我们提出以下建议； (1) 我们将记录运动学，和反射行为的肌电活动（EMG）并使用准确的动态模型我们将把它们与静态力场测量联系起来以及他们从相同行为中记录的肌电图。反射行为检查的内容包括擦拭、屈曲收缩和厌恶的转动动作。 (2)检查肢体间的协调性。 (3) 解决控制和通过下降系统调节反射，我们将检查效果球脊髓对力场结构传入神经的控制，肌电图以及擦拭、弯曲和转动行为的运动学。 (4) 与转弯和罢工相关的已识别路径将受到刺激减少准备工作以检查它们如何与脊柱相互作用反射行为。少数“原语”可能构成大部分的概念对脊柱行为的支持，也许还有下行控制，是有趣的原因有以下两个；首先，它提供了希望对脊髓核心功能的简单实验了解。其次，它表明脊髓损伤的功能恢复是可能的未来只有有限但有针对性的神经生长和连接。所提出的实验将提供两组关键数据进行测试这个运动行为的组织方案； (一)详细了解力场的具体作用和组织已知脊柱行为背景下的原语，以及（2）描述力场原语在已知的脊柱行为背景下如何， (2) 描述力场原语如何在脊柱中使用行为与递减的控制相互作用。