PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL CONTEXT IN REPRESSION OF EMOTION

描述（申请人的摘要）：压抑涉及疏远自己 来自心理威胁的想法、情绪、记忆或经历 （布洛尔和弗洛伊德，1925/1955）。 负面情绪事件提供了 定义压抑性应对方式并进行调查的主要手段 压抑的社会行为。 该研究项目的主要目标是 使用非临床样本测试压抑模型（Mendolia，Moore， & Tesser，1996）假设人的特征（个人 对消极和积极情绪事件的反应差异）和 情况（对自我评价的社会威胁）结合起来产生 压抑行为。 根据模型，阻遏蛋白是高度敏感的 消极和积极的情绪事件，但他们保持距离 仅在特定条件下，即当情况 威胁到他们的自我评价。 因此，可以识别 抑制反应的动机并解释为什么抑制 在心理上远离威胁性情绪事件 通常比非抑制因子更有效。 此外，所提出的模型解决了 最近的证据（Asendorpf & Scherer，1983；Davis，1987；Davis & Schwartz， 1987； C.H. Hansen、Hansen 和 Shantz，1992）表明阻遏物会发生反应 更强烈地、无法回忆和谨慎地评价积极的情绪 事件。 该项目的具体目标是证明（1） 动机机制（反应能力的个体差异，如索引 通过自主活动、面部表情、编码和识别 记忆）和情境机制（社会情境威胁） 自我评价）是压抑行为的基础（实验 1 和 2） (2) 这两种机制与抑制之间存在因果关系 行为。 因果关系将通过操纵来证明 自主反应的个体差异（实验3）和 注意力（实验 5）和抑制者的认知评价 情况（实验4）。 这个提出的二因素模型扩展了当前的 镇压的概念化在于它解决了镇压的原因和时间 采用知觉防御来应对消极和积极的情绪 事件。 这种对压制行为及其潜力的探索 改变压抑反应具有重大的健康影响 研究发现，抑制者未能认识到他们的躯体痛苦 与多种疾病有关（例如哮喘、心血管疾病） 疾病、癌症）。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's abstract): Repression involves distancing oneself from psychologically threatening ideas, emotions, memories, or experiences (Breuer & Freud, 1925/1955). Negative emotional events have provided the principal means by which to define repressive coping style and investigate repressive social behavior. The major objective of this research project is to test, using a nonclinical sample, a model of repression (Mendolia, Moore, & Tesser, 1996) which posits that features of the person (individual differences in responsiveness to negative and positive emotional events) and the situation (social threats to self-evaluation) combine to produce repressive behavior. According to the model, repressors are hypersensitive to both negative and positive emotional events, but they distance themselves from these events only under specific conditions-namely, when the situation threatens their self-evaluation. Thus, it is possible to identify the motivation for repressive response and to explain why repressors psychologically distance themselves from threatening emotional events more often than do nonrepressors. Furthermore, the proposed model addresses recent evidence (Asendorpf & Scherer, 1983; Davis, 1987; Davis & Schwartz, 1987; C.H. Hansen, Hansen, & Shantz, 1992) suggesting that repressors react more strongly to, fail to recall, and discretely appraise positive emotional events. The specific aims of this project are to demonstrate that (1) a motivational mechanism (individual differences in responsiveness, as indexed by autonomic activity, facial expressiveness, encoding, and recognition memory) and a situational mechanism (social situational threats to self-evaluation) underlay repressive behavior (Experiments 1 and 2) and that (2) a causal relationship exists between these two mechanisms and repressive behavior. The causal relationship will be demonstrated by manipulating individual differences in autonomic responsiveness (Experiments 3) and attention (Experiment 5) and repressors' cognitive appraisal of the situation (Experiment 4). This proposed 2-factor model extends the current conceptualization of repression in that it addresses why and when repressors employ a perceptual defense in response to negative and positive emotional events. This exploration of repressive behavior and the potential for modifying repressive response has significant health implications in that repressors' failure to recognize their somatic distress has been found to be associated with a wide range of illnesses (e.g., asthma, cardiovascular disease, cancer).