PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL CONTEXT IN REPRESSION OF EMOTION

描述（申请人摘要）：压抑涉及疏远自己 从心理上威胁的想法，情绪，记忆或经验， （Breuer & Freud，1925/1955）。 负面情绪事件提供了 确定压抑性应对方式的主要手段， 压抑的社会行为 本研究项目的主要目标是 使用非临床样品测试抑制模型（Mendolia，摩尔， & Tesser，1996年），其中假定，人的特征（个人） 对消极和积极情绪事件的反应差异）， 这种情况（对自我评价的社会威胁）联合收割机产生 压抑的行为 根据该模型，阻遏物是高度敏感的， 消极和积极的情绪事件，但他们远离自己， 只有在特定的条件下，即当情况 威胁到他们的自我评价。 因此，可以识别 压抑反应的动机，并解释为什么压抑 在心理上远离威胁性的情绪事件 比非抑制因子更常见。 此外，拟议的模式解决了 最近的证据（Asendorpf和谢勒，1983;戴维斯，1987;戴维斯和施瓦茨， 1987年; C.H.汉森，汉森，和Shantz，1992年），表明阻遏物反应 更强烈地，无法回忆，并谨慎地评价积极的情绪 事件 本项目的具体目标是证明（1）a 激励机制（反应的个体差异，如指数 通过自主活动、面部表情、编码和识别 记忆）和情境机制（社会情境威胁， 自我评价）抑制行为（实验1和2）， (2)这两种机制之间存在因果关系， 行为 因果关系将通过操纵 自主反应的个体差异（实验3）， 注意（实验5）和抑制者的认知评价 （实验4）。 这一双因素模型扩展了现有的 压抑的概念化，因为它解决了为什么以及何时压抑 采用知觉防御来应对消极和积极的情绪 事件 这种对压抑行为的探索以及 改变压抑反应对健康有重要影响， 压抑者无法识别他们的躯体痛苦， 与广泛的疾病相关（例如，哮喘，心血管 疾病，癌症）。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's abstract): Repression involves distancing oneself from psychologically threatening ideas, emotions, memories, or experiences (Breuer & Freud, 1925/1955). Negative emotional events have provided the principal means by which to define repressive coping style and investigate repressive social behavior. The major objective of this research project is to test, using a nonclinical sample, a model of repression (Mendolia, Moore, & Tesser, 1996) which posits that features of the person (individual differences in responsiveness to negative and positive emotional events) and the situation (social threats to self-evaluation) combine to produce repressive behavior. According to the model, repressors are hypersensitive to both negative and positive emotional events, but they distance themselves from these events only under specific conditions-namely, when the situation threatens their self-evaluation. Thus, it is possible to identify the motivation for repressive response and to explain why repressors psychologically distance themselves from threatening emotional events more often than do nonrepressors. Furthermore, the proposed model addresses recent evidence (Asendorpf & Scherer, 1983; Davis, 1987; Davis & Schwartz, 1987; C.H. Hansen, Hansen, & Shantz, 1992) suggesting that repressors react more strongly to, fail to recall, and discretely appraise positive emotional events. The specific aims of this project are to demonstrate that (1) a motivational mechanism (individual differences in responsiveness, as indexed by autonomic activity, facial expressiveness, encoding, and recognition memory) and a situational mechanism (social situational threats to self-evaluation) underlay repressive behavior (Experiments 1 and 2) and that (2) a causal relationship exists between these two mechanisms and repressive behavior. The causal relationship will be demonstrated by manipulating individual differences in autonomic responsiveness (Experiments 3) and attention (Experiment 5) and repressors' cognitive appraisal of the situation (Experiment 4). This proposed 2-factor model extends the current conceptualization of repression in that it addresses why and when repressors employ a perceptual defense in response to negative and positive emotional events. This exploration of repressive behavior and the potential for modifying repressive response has significant health implications in that repressors' failure to recognize their somatic distress has been found to be associated with a wide range of illnesses (e.g., asthma, cardiovascular disease, cancer).