Archaeological excavations at Kilise Tepe, Turkey.

土耳其基利塞特佩的考古发掘。

• 批准号: AH/H008497/1
• 负责人: John Postgate
• 金额: $ 56.12万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FH008497%2F1
• 关键词: Archaeological; excavations; Kilise; Tepe; Turkey.

One of the major turning points in the history of the Old World fell around 1200 BC, when the sophisticated Late Bronze Age palace states in Greece, Anatolia and Syria collapsed. Literate administrations, international commerce and diplomacy vanished overnight, ushering in a long period in which a new order emerged, leading eventually to the Classical world. As in similar circumstances elsewhere, such as post-Roman Britain, the archaeological record of this time, when there was no call for public architecture and little interaction between different regions, is scanty and hard to interpret and to date. Explanations of the general phenomenon of 'systems collapse' and of this particular instance abound, but data are currently too fragmentary in chronological and contextual terms to discriminate between them. The site of Kilise Tepe 45 km north of the Mediterranean coast opposite Cyprus, promises to make a significant contribution. Work in the 1990s showed that the site has substantial architecture from the Hittite Empire, a unique, well-preserved public building from the terminal stage of the Late Bronze Age, and continuing occupation in the subsequent centuries down to about 700 BC. Building on fieldwork in 2007-9, one further season of excavations and two study seasons are now planned for 2010-12 to allow us to recover a sufficient body of data and to process it ready for publication. We will define the nature of the two successive LBA buildings and process their well stratified deposits with their artefactual and environmental contents. At the centre of the site we have a sequence of occupation which carries us through the centuries after 1200 BC; characteristically for the 'Centuries of Darkness' there are no monumental structures to distinguish one imperial phase from another, but we will be following up the appearance of a new architectural tradition in the shape of a circular timber-framed structure, and a stratified sequence of open spaces above this will deliver the range and development of ceramics, give us physical dating evidence, and allow us to monitor changes of subsistence and production strategies through this time. The project will also show how the control of a centralized state can be reflected in the material footprint of its administration, how the dissolution of that control invites a reassertion of local subsistence strategies and artisanal traditions, and how a local centre can become involved in new commercial networks. It will help to bridge the artificial divide between the separate western academic traditions of Classical and Near Eastern archaeology. Colleagues specializing on the ceramic traditions of the Hittite provinces (C. Glatz), and the Pre-Hellenic Aegean (L. Preston with C. Bouthillier) will contribute their own expertise both during the field seasons and to the publication programme. Post-doctoral colleagues (Dr M.M. Hald and Dr. P. Popkin) will continue to process and analyse the botanical and faunal data so as to illuminate agricultural, stock-breeding and pastoral strategies in Anatolia for the first time during the periods under investigation. In this way we aim to throw new light on all aspects one of the principal turning points in the history of the Old World in a part of the eastern Mediterranean which at present is almost completely unexplored.

旧世界历史的一个重要转折点发生在公元前1200年左右，当时位于希腊、安纳托利亚和叙利亚的青铜时代晚期复杂的宫殿国家崩溃了。有文化的行政管理、国际贸易和外交在一夜之间消失了，开启了一个新秩序出现的漫长时期，最终导致了古典世界。与其他地方类似的情况一样，比如后罗马时代的英国，这段时间的考古记录很少，很难解释和确定时间，因为当时没有公共建筑的需求，不同地区之间的交流也很少。对“系统崩溃”这一普遍现象和这一特殊实例的解释比比皆是，但目前的数据在时间和背景方面过于零碎，无法区分它们。Kilise Tepe遗址位于地中海海岸以北45公里处，与塞浦路斯相对，有望做出重大贡献。20世纪90年代的工作表明，该遗址有大量来自赫梯帝国的建筑，这是一座独特的，保存完好的公共建筑，来自青铜时代晚期的最后阶段，并在随后的几个世纪中一直持续到公元前700年左右。在2007- 2009年实地考察的基础上，现在计划在2010- 2012年再进行一个季节的挖掘和两个季节的研究，以使我们能够恢复足够的数据体，并对其进行处理，准备发表。我们将定义两个连续的LBA建筑的性质，并处理它们的人工和环境内容的分层沉积物。在遗址的中心，我们发现了公元前1200年之后的几个世纪的职业序列；“黑暗世纪”的特点是，没有纪念性的结构来区分一个帝国时期和另一个帝国时期，但我们将以圆形木结构结构的形式跟踪新建筑传统的外观，在此之上分层的开放空间序列将传递陶瓷的范围和发展，为我们提供物理年代证据，并允许我们监测这段时间的生存和生产策略的变化。该项目还将展示中央集权国家的控制如何反映在其管理的物质足迹上，这种控制的解除如何引起对当地生存战略和手工传统的重申，以及当地中心如何参与新的商业网络。它将有助于弥合西方古典考古学和近东考古学学术传统之间人为的鸿沟。专门研究赫梯省（C. Glatz）和前希腊爱琴海省（L. Preston和C. Bouthillier）陶瓷传统的同事将在实地季节和出版方案中贡献他们自己的专门知识。博士后同事（M.M. Hald博士和P. Popkin博士）将继续处理和分析植物和动物数据，以便在调查期间首次阐明安纳托利亚的农业、畜牧业和畜牧战略。通过这种方式，我们的目标是对旧世界历史上的一个主要转折点的各个方面有新的认识，这是目前几乎完全未被探索过的东地中海的一部分。

项目成果

Further work at Kilise Tepe, 2007-2011: refining the Bronze to Iron Age transition

2007-2011 年在 Kilise Tepe 的进一步工作：完善青铜时代到铁器时代的过渡

• DOI: 10.1017/s0066154614000076
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Anatolian Studies
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Bouthillier C

Further work at Kilise Tepe, 2007-11: refining the Bronze to Iron Age transition

Kilise Tepe 的进一步工作，2007-11：完善青铜时代到铁器时代的过渡

• 作者: John Postgate (Editor)