SHORT TERM MEMORY AND SYNTACTIC DEFICITS IN APHASIA

失语症的短期记忆和句法缺陷

• 批准号: 2900000
• 负责人: Randi C Martin
• 金额: $ 14.87万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2900000
• 关键词: aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; comprehension; human subject; learning; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; semantics; short term memory; speech; vocabulary

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Applicant's Abstract.) The intent of the proposed research is to relate aphasic patients' reduced memory spans to single word processing, to sentence comprehension and production, and to long-term learning. A basic assumption of this research is that there are separable phonological and lexical- semantic contributions to memory span that may be independently disrupted in different patients.Patients' performance on word perception, lexical comprehension and word production will be evaluated to determine the extent to which there is a correspondence or dissociation between phonological and semantic abilities in word processing and phonological and semantic retention capacities. One issue to be addressed is whether there are separable input and output phonological STM capacities that relate to patients' speech perception and production abilities. At the level of sentence processing, the proposed research will investigate whether the lexical-semantic retention capacity that appears to be involved in sentence comprehension also plays an important role in speech production. Although phonological STM does not appear to be critical to sentence comprehension, it is possible that this capacity is involved in speech planning at the phonological level. With regard to long-term learning, the proposed studies will investigate whether deficits in the short-term retention at the phonological and lexical-semantic levels lead to impaired long-term learning deficits for phonological and lexical-semantic information. A modified case study approach will be used, in that a relatively small number of patients will be tested on a large number of tasks. The advantage of the case study approach is that dissociations that might be present in a few cases (e.g., good syntactic comprehension together with reduced memory span) might be masked in group data. The approach differs from typical case studies, however, in that a number of patients will be tested on the same tasks. In this fashion it should be possible to determine whether deficits that appear to be associated in some cases are necessarily associated in all cases.

描述：(改编自申请人的摘要。)其意图是 建议的研究与失语症患者的减少有关 从记忆到单字处理，再到句子理解 和生产，并要长期学习。一个基本的假设 这项研究是有可分离的语音和词汇- 语义对记忆广度的贡献可能是独立的 在不同的患者中中断。患者在Word上的表现 将对感知、词汇理解和单词生成进行评估 以确定存在通信或 语音能力与语义能力的分离 文字处理以及语音和语义保持能力。 需要解决的一个问题是，是否存在可分离的输入和 输出与患者语音有关的语音STM能力 感知和生产能力。在判刑层面上 处理过程中，拟议的研究将调查 词汇-语义保持能力似乎参与了 句子理解在言语中也起着重要的作用 制作。尽管语音STM似乎不是关键的 句子理解，这种能力有可能是 参与语音层面的演讲计划。关于 对于长期学习，拟议的研究将调查 缺陷是否存在于语音的短期留存 词汇-语义水平导致长期学习受损 语音信息和词汇语义信息的缺陷。 将使用修改后的案例研究方法，因为相对较小的 许多患者将接受大量任务的测试。这个 案例研究方法的优势在于，分离可能 出现在少数情况下(例如，良好的句法理解能力 具有减小的存储器跨度)可以在组数据中被屏蔽。这个 然而，方法与典型案例研究的不同之处在于， 许多患者将在相同的任务中接受测试。以这种方式 应该可以确定赤字是否看起来是 在某些情况下相关联，在所有情况下都必须相关联。