Short-term memory and syntactic deficits in aphasia

失语症的短期记忆和句法缺陷

• 批准号: 6624494
• 负责人: Randi C Martin
• 金额: $ 21.83万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6624494
• 关键词: adult human (21+); aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; cognition; comprehension; human subject; learning; magnetic resonance imaging; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; semantics; short term memory; speech; vocabulary

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to analyze the nature of short-term memory deficits in aphasic patients and their relation to bask cognitive functions and to language comprehension and production. Short-term memory tasks will be administered to identify deficits in retaining input phonological representations, output phonological representations, and semantic representations. The patterns of short-term memory deficits will be related to patients' performance on simple cognitive tasks designed to tap components of executive functioning - specifically inhibition, set shifting, and updating. The pattern of short-term memory deficits will also be related to patients' ability to understand sentences in which integration of word meanings is immediate or requires the reactivation of material from earlier in the sentence. It is predicted that patients with semantic short-term memory deficits, but not those with phonological retention deficits, will have difficulty with the sentences involving delayed integration. We will also assess patients' ability to process grammatical structure for sentences that should place heavy demands on a capacity from maintaining syntactic information. These experiments will test whether syntactic retention capacity is separate from the capacities involved in retaining semantic and phonological information. The studies on speech production will obtain further evidence on whether patients with a semantic retention deficit, but not those with a phonological retention deficit, have difficulty producing phrases containing several lexical-semantic representation preceding the head of the phrase. We will carry out studies designed to test between a phrasal scope of speech production planning versus word-by-word planning. We will also develop tests for assessing speech-production planning at the phonological level and determine whether patients with output phonological retention deficits on memory span tasks are impaired on phonological planning aspects of sentence production. Anatomical MRI data will be obtained for all the patients and lesion localization will be related to the pattern of short-term memory deficits and performance on the basic cognitive tasks. These studies will have important implications concerning whether short-term deficits are the source of the patients' other language deficits and will provide valuable information on the neural circuitry underlying the components of verbal short-term memory.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的总体目标是 分析失语症患者短期记忆缺陷的性质及其 与认知功能和语言理解的关系， 生产短期记忆任务将被管理，以确定缺陷 在保留输入语音表征，输出语音 表示和语义表示。短期模式 记忆缺陷将与患者在简单认知方面的表现有关 任务旨在挖掘执行功能的组成部分-特别是 抑制、转移和更新。短期记忆的模式 缺陷也与患者理解句子的能力有关， 词义的整合是直接的，还是需要重新激活 从句子的前面开始。据预测， 语义短期记忆缺陷，但不是那些语音保留 赤字，将有困难的句子涉及延迟 一体化我们还将评估患者处理语法的能力， 句子的结构应该对容量有很大的要求， 保持句法信息。这些实验将测试 句法保持能力是独立的能力， 保留语义和语音信息。言语研究 生产将获得进一步的证据，患者是否与语义 保留缺陷，但不是那些与语音保留缺陷， 难以产生包含多个词汇语义表征的短语 在短语的开头。我们将开展研究， 在言语产生计划的短语范围与逐字逐句之间， 规划我们还将开发用于评估言语生成计划的测试 在语音水平，并确定是否输出患者 记忆广度任务中的语音保留缺陷在 语音规划方面的句子生产。解剖MRI数据将 所有患者均获得，病变定位将与 短期记忆缺陷的模式和基本认知能力的表现 任务这些研究将对以下问题产生重要影响： 短期语言缺陷是患者其他语言缺陷的来源， 将提供有价值的信息，神经回路的基础， 口头短期记忆的组成部分。