Short-term memory and syntactic deficits in aphasia

描述(由申请人提供)：本项目的总体目标是 失语症患者短时记忆障碍的性质及影响因素分析 与BASK认知功能和语言理解的关系 制作。短期记忆任务将被用来识别缺陷 在保留输入音素表征时，输出音素 表示法和语义表示法。短期投资的模式 记忆障碍将与患者在简单认知上的表现有关 旨在利用执行职能的组成部分的任务--特别是 抑制、定势转移和更新。短时记忆的模式 缺陷也将与患者理解句子的能力有关 哪个词义的整合是直接的，还是需要重新激活的 句子前面部分的材料。据预测，患有这种疾病的患者 语义短期记忆缺陷，但不是那些有语音保持的 赤字，将有困难的句子涉及延迟 整合。我们还将评估患者处理语法的能力 句子的结构应该对容量有很大要求 维护句法信息。这些实验将测试 句法保持能力独立于所涉及的能力 保留语义和语音信息。关于言语的研究 生产将获得进一步的证据，证明患者是否有语义上的 保留缺陷，但不是那些有语音保留缺陷的人，有 难以生成包含多个词汇-语义表示的短语 在短语的头部之前。我们将进行旨在测试 在言语产出计划的短语范围和逐字之间 计划。我们还将开发用于评估语音生成计划的测试 在语音水平上，并确定患者是否有输出 记忆广度任务中的语音保持缺陷在 句子产生的音位规划方面。解剖核磁共振数据将 对于所有患者来说，病变的定位将与 短时记忆缺陷模式与基本认知功能的关系 任务。这些研究将对以下问题产生重要影响： 短期缺陷是患者其他语言障碍的来源， 将提供有价值的关于 言语短期记忆的组成部分。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to analyze the nature of short-term memory deficits in aphasic patients and their relation to bask cognitive functions and to language comprehension and production. Short-term memory tasks will be administered to identify deficits in retaining input phonological representations, output phonological representations, and semantic representations. The patterns of short-term memory deficits will be related to patients' performance on simple cognitive tasks designed to tap components of executive functioning - specifically inhibition, set shifting, and updating. The pattern of short-term memory deficits will also be related to patients' ability to understand sentences in which integration of word meanings is immediate or requires the reactivation of material from earlier in the sentence. It is predicted that patients with semantic short-term memory deficits, but not those with phonological retention deficits, will have difficulty with the sentences involving delayed integration. We will also assess patients' ability to process grammatical structure for sentences that should place heavy demands on a capacity from maintaining syntactic information. These experiments will test whether syntactic retention capacity is separate from the capacities involved in retaining semantic and phonological information. The studies on speech production will obtain further evidence on whether patients with a semantic retention deficit, but not those with a phonological retention deficit, have difficulty producing phrases containing several lexical-semantic representation preceding the head of the phrase. We will carry out studies designed to test between a phrasal scope of speech production planning versus word-by-word planning. We will also develop tests for assessing speech-production planning at the phonological level and determine whether patients with output phonological retention deficits on memory span tasks are impaired on phonological planning aspects of sentence production. Anatomical MRI data will be obtained for all the patients and lesion localization will be related to the pattern of short-term memory deficits and performance on the basic cognitive tasks. These studies will have important implications concerning whether short-term deficits are the source of the patients' other language deficits and will provide valuable information on the neural circuitry underlying the components of verbal short-term memory.